Effect of different protein–energy ratio in pulse by-products and residue based pelleted feeds on growth, rumen fermentation, carcass and sausage quality in Barbari kids

Abstract

Thirty two Barbari kids (5-month old of 10.62 ± 0.09 kg BW, 16 males and 16 females) were equally divided into four groups to monitor growth, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, carcass traits, meat and sausage quality on diet based on Cajanus cajan straw (60) and concentrate mixture (40) to have different protein–energy ratio in the diets (Diet 1—CP 12%, TDN 55%, Diet 2—CP 12%, TDN 60%, Diet 3—CP 14%, TDN 55% and Diet 4—CP 14%, TDN 60%). The experimental kids in each group were fed the respective diets at 4% of their body weight and limited quantity (300–400 g/kid/day) of oat fodder. The average DM intake/kg W 0.75 during growth period was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in Diet 1 (low protein–low energy) than Diet 4 (high protein–high energy). Kids under Diet 2 (low protein–high energy) and Diet 4 (high protein–high energy) gained 7.2% and 14.5% more weight respectively per day compared to those on Diet 1 (low protein–low energy), however, values of final body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency (%) were not significantly different ( P > 0.05). The pH and total VFA concentration in the rumen liquor were similar ( P > 0.05) among the four treatment groups. TCA precipitable-N was insignificantly ( P > 0.05) higher in Diet 4 than other diets. Glucose, urea–nitrogen, total protein, albumin and globulin concentration in plasma were unaffected by treatments. TDN intake, DCP and TDN percentages were also similar ( P > 0.05) among the four groups. Nitrogen balance (g/day/kid) values also showed no significant variation. Dietary effect was also not significant ( P > 0.05) in the values of hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass physical composition, variety meat yield and fat deposition but not breast fat thickness and kidney fat accumulation, which were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in Diet 2. Chemical composition values of Longissimus thoracis muscle were similar ( P > 0.05) in percentage moisture, fat and ash, while CP was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in Diets 2 and 3 than Diets 1 and 4. There were no significant differences ( P > 0.05) in the chemical composition of sausages prepared using meat from the kids of different treatments. Therefore, it may be concluded that pelleted feed of Diet 2 responded with better growth rate, quality of carcass traits and meat quality.