Abstract
Chestnut has been used by humanity both as a fuel and as a food source for many years. Chestnut-related fertilization data is still limited today. This research was performed in order to study the fruit yield and some quality characteristics of the nitrogen doses to be applied in the chestnut plantations of İnegöl (Bursa) during two years. In the study, were used sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill. cv. Sarıaasılama) trees 20 years old. During 2012 and 2013 the doses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg N / tree were applied to the chestnut experimental orchard, except for the control. However, 0.75 kg P / tree and 1.5 kg K / tree basic fertilization were applied to each tree. In the experiment, each parcel was composed of 3 trees and 3 replications. According to the results of the study, the highest fruit yield was recorded as 31.8 and 32.8 kg / tree in 1.5 kg N / tree in both application years respectively. Total protein and starch in the highest fruit were determined as 12.8 and 36.3 g / 100 g in 1.0 kg N / tree dose in the 2013 year, respectively. The total sugar content in fruit was recorded as 10.8 g / 100 g in 1.5 kg N / tree in 2013. When all of these parameters are examined, the amount of nitrogen to be applied to a mature chestnut tree at 20 years old is determined as 1.5 kg N / tree /year.
Highlights
A fruit yield increase of 36% was observed in chestnut plants compared to control (N0+PK) in N3+PK (1.5 kg / tree) treatment
The fruit yield in chestnut orchards were increased by approximately 36%
It has been reported that phosphorus and potassium used in nitrogen applications and basic fertilization cause significant increases in both yield and fruit quality (Arrobas et al, 2017; Brohi et al, 1994; Bremner, 1965; Fageria, 2009; Fageria et al, 2011; Kantarcı, 2000; Kacar and Katkat, 1998; McCauley et al, 2009)
Summary
The 13 known species of chestnut are usually distributed in different parts of the Northern Hemisphere. East Asia (China, Korea, Japan), Turkey, South Europe and North America are the natural diffusion areas. Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is one of the very significant tree nuts in the globe (Ertan et al, 2015). Many species of the Chestnut tree are grown in limited regions of the globe for wood or comestible nut production (Portela et al, 2007). Some herdsman cut down wild fruit trees to enlarge their meadow area, leading to the disappearance of the primary wild chestnut forest (Ercişli et al, 2009)
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