Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different six host plants namely, Cabbage, alfalfa, Jaw’s mallow, lettuce, turnip, and castor leaves on the total haemocyte count (THC), percentage of haemocyte viability, and the percentage of each type of haemocyte (differential haemocyte count, DHC) in Spodoptera littoralis and Agrotis ipsilon fourth instar larvae. There are five types of haemocytes in A. ipsilon and S. littoralis larvae; Prohaemocyte, Plasmatocyte, Granulocyte, Spherocytes, and Oenocyte. Results recorded the highest value 13.3±0.68 of Prohaemocyte at lettuce and the lowest value 9.3 for Cabbage, alfalfa and turnip. On the other hand, Prohaemocyte recorded the highest value 12.6 ± 0.9 in the case of castor feeding and 8.7 ± 0.3 for turnip for S. littoralis. Plasmatocyte recorded 45.3 ± 2.9 cells/mm3for A. ipsilon feed on turnip and 47.3 ± 1.8 cells/mm3for S. littoralis feed on lettuce as the highest value while Granulocyte recorded 33 ± 4.1 and 35 ± 0.7 for A. ipsilon feed on Jaw’s mallow, respectively. Spherocytes recoded 15.3 ± 0.9 and 12.3 ± 0.9 for A. ipsilon and S. littoralis feed on alfalfa. Finally, Oenocyte recorded 7.7 ± 1.5 and 7.3 ± 1.4 for A. ipsilon and S. littoralis feed on castor. Total haemocytic count recorded 29 ± 0.3 and 36 ± 0.75 cells/mm3 as the highest value when both A. ipsilon and S. littoralis feed on Alfalfa. Also, the haemocyte viability % recorded the highest value 91.5 ± 2.6 and 96.2 ± 0.8 % for A. ipsilon and S. littoralis feed on feed on Alfalfa. The result recorded increasing DHC level after feeding of the fourth larval instar of S. littoralis and A. ipsilon on different plant hosts such an increase in DHC gives an impression that blood cells may share in detoxifying. The most obvious activity of haemocyte is phagocytosis. In this context, the most active phagocytes are the Plasmatocyte, Plasmatocyte which was implicated in the encapsulation of necrotic tissues.
Highlights
The Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), and the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufn.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are key pests in most of the countries causes extensive economic losses in many cultivated crops
Host Plants Used: The stock culture of susceptible Egyptian cotton leafworm, S. littoralis (Boisd.) and the black cutworm, A. ipsilon (Hufn) were reared on six different host plants, jaw’s mallow, Corchorus ditorius (Family: Tillaceae), cabbage, Brassica oleracea (Family: Brassicaceae), turnip, Brassica campostris var. rapa (Family: Brassicaceae), lettuce, Lactuca sativa (Family: Asteraceae), alfalfa, Medicago sativa (Family: Fabaceae) and castor bean leaves, Ricinus communis (Family: Euphorbiaceae), Choice of host plants was based on the fact that some of the hosts are heavily attacked in fields while the other is preferred for oviposition (Moufied et al, 1960)
Differential Haemocytes Counts: The differential haemocyte counts (DHC%) of the 4th instar larvae of A. ipsilon feed on Cabbage, alfalfa, Jaw’s mallow, lettuce, turnip, and castor leaves are shown in Tables (1, 2,3 and 4) and illustrated in Figs. (1, 2, 3 and 4) recorded the highest value 13.3 ± 0.68 of Prohaemocyte at lettuce and the lowest value 9.3 for Cabbage, alfalfa, and turnip, on the other hand, Prohaemocyte recorded the highest value 12.6 ± 0.9 in the case of castor feeding and 8.7 ± 0.3 for turnip for S. littoralis
Summary
Effect of Different Host Plants on The Different Haemocyte Counts and Haemocyte Viability of Larvae of Spodoptera littoralis and Agrotis ipsilon. 2. Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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