Abstract
Just after transplanting, the vegetable has difficulty in nutrients uptake. To explore the effect of different fertilization on spring cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) production and fertilizer use efficiencies, this experiment consisting of six treatments was implemented and divided into three groups: 1) no fertilizer (NF) and vegetable planting fertilizer (VPF); 2) conventional fertilizer (CF) and conventional fertilizer + vegetable planting fertilizer (CVPF); 3) reduced fertilizer application (RFA) and reduced fertilizer application + vegetable planting fertilizer (RVPF). The results of this experiment indicated that the yields of spring cabbage treated by VPF increased by 38.20% in VPF, 16.00% in CVPF and 20.40% in RVPF than their controls respectively. Additionally, the VPF helped improve the total and economic yields of the spring cabbage in all groups, and the economic benefits increased by 38.21% in VPF, 15.97% in CVPF and 20.42% in RVPF than their controls respectively. Finally, the VPF was of benefit to spring cabbage to exploit the soil nutrients and helped improve the chemical fertilizer use efficiencies. Therefore, it is an efficient, economical and ecological fertilization for vegetable production to apply chemical fertilizers in combination with VPF.
Highlights
With an ever-growing population, China has to raise agricultural productivity in its limited and shrinking farmland to guarantee food
To increase the grain yield, a great amount of chemical fertilizers were applied to the agricultural system
Over 50% of the wells in Northern Plain of China have been polluted which were related to the NO3-N leaching caused by excessive N fertilizer left in the cropland 6
Summary
With an ever-growing population, China has to raise agricultural productivity in its limited and shrinking farmland to guarantee food. Some study reported that the application of chemical fertilizers in China ranged from 225 to 375 kg·ha–1 1. The applied N fertilizer ranged from 400 to 600 or more than 600 kg N·ha–1·year–1 in the agricultural regions of intensive farming in the Northern Plain of China 2,3. With the over-application of fertilizer, the non-point pollution has become seriously in China and other worldwide regions 4-7. Over 50% of the wells in Northern Plain of China have been polluted which were related to the NO3-N leaching caused by excessive N fertilizer left in the cropland 6. The coastal regions related about seven Provinces in China have already suffered seriously environmental pollution by NPS, which were primarily caused by the excessive application of synthetic fertilizer (particular nitrogen) and organic manure 8,9
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