Effect of Dietary Nano-Selenium Supplementation on Selenium Content and Oxidative Stability in Table Eggs and Productive Performance of Laying Hens

Abstract

The main target of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary Nano-Selenium (Nano-Se) supplementation on selenium (Se) content and oxidative stability in table eggs and productive performance of laying hens. One hundred and eighty silver Montazah laying hens (Egyptian local developed strain) aged 32 weeks were housed in individual cages in a semi-open house. Birds were divided randomly into six treatments and fed a basal diet (vitamins and minerals mixture without Se). The experiment involved a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, 2 Se sources (sodium selenite and Nano-Se) and 3 levels of each source (0.10, 0.25 and 0.40 ppm). Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experimental period (three month). The prepared 80 nm Se nano particles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry. Different Se levels of sodium selenite or Nano-Se did not affect egg weight, feed intake and most of egg quality. Egg production percentage and egg mass increased and the feed conversion ratio significantly improved, by adding Nano-Se in layer diets. Increasing Se level from 0.10 up to 0.40 ppm either sodium selenite or Nano- Se significantly increasing Se content in eggs and the highest concentration was recorded with high level (0.40 ppm) of Nano-Se. Moreover, increased glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px) activity, with reduction of Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in yolk of stored eggs at room temperature for 15 days. Adding 0.25 ppm of Nano-Se recorded the lower saturated to unsaturated fatty acids ratio thus improved the fatty acid profile and oxidative stability during storage. Nano-Se significantly reduced total lipids, total cholesterol and increased HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio in maternal hens (plasma and yolk). The main histopathological findings of livers for all treatments were fatty liver with focal aggregation of inflammatory cells. While the spleen showed congestion of blood vessels. Conclusions: It can be concluded that, supplemental layer diets with 0.25 ppm of Nano-Se was effective in improving the productive performance and GSH-Px activity of layer and producing Se enriched egg which could supply 50% (35 µg) of the human Se Recommended Daily Allowances. This give a hand in solving the problem of Se deficiency in food for human.