Abstract
To evaluate the effect of L-Threonine (L-Thr) and Mycofix® Plus (MP) on aflatoxicosis, an experiment with a 3-way ANOVA model was carried out with 8 replicates and 640 birds. Treatments included two levels of L-Thr (100% and 125% of the requirements, Cobb 500, Cobb-Vantress), Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (0, 500 ppb), and MP (0, 1 g/kg). As the main effects showed, AFB1 decreased breast meat yield and carcass percentage (p < 0.001), serum urea, antibody titer against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and bone density (p < 0.05), while it increased the plasma concentrations of glucose and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.05). Mycofix Plus improved the grower feed intake (FI), tibia fresh weight, and body weight (BW) to bone weight (p < 0.05). L-Threonine increased the grower FI, breast meat yield, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (p < 0.05). There were positive interactions with breast meat yield, cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and IBV titer. Of the treatments used, the combination of L-Thr and MP without AFB1 improved breast meat and carcass percentage. L-Threonine and MP significantly improved IBV titer in birds challenged with AFB1 (p < 0.001). In conclusion, L-Thr and MP were beneficial to improve immunity.
Highlights
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that grow in hot, humid climates and are detrimental to poultry health and performance [1]
There were no significant effects on the total feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), European
Aflatoxin B1 did not affect the performance in this study
Summary
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that grow in hot, humid climates and are detrimental to poultry health and performance [1]. Previous studies represented an opposed relationship between bone mineralization and AFB1 (625–10,000 ppb) [24], or a negative correlation between the calcification or utilization of cholecalciferol and AFB1 (500–20,000 ppb) [25]. Aflatoxin-contaminated feeds threaten poultry health and performance and lead to economic losses by depressing meat production. Different concentrations are expected depending on the temperature, relative humidity, and storage conditions. In the United States, any cereal grain (feedstuff) containing over 1000 ppb must not be allowed to enter commerce (usually buried in the fields if discovered) where 500 ppb can be a practical testing concentration, as an occasional dose under inappropriate conditions
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