Effect of dietary iodine on growth and iodine status of growing fattening bulls

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of different levels of iodine supplementation on animal growth and the iodine content of food from beef cattle. In a dose–response experiment with 34 growing fattening bulls of the “German Holstein” breed, in the range from 223 to 550 kg body weight, three iodine dosages were tested. The animals were fed a corn silage/concentrate ration. Iodine concentration in the diet amounted to 0.79 (Group 1), 3.52 (Group 2) and 8.31(Group 3) mg I per kg dry matter (DM). After slaughtering, I was determined in blood, serum, plasma, thyroid, liver, kidneys and meat (M. longissimus dorsi, M. glutaeus medius) by ICP-MS. I-supplementation did not significantly influence DM intake, daily weight gain (1453 (1), 1419 (2) and 1343 (3) g; p>0.05) or slaughtering performance, but the weight of the thyroid gland increased significantly with the highest I dosage (32 (1), 26 (2) and 42 (3) g animal−1, p<0.05). I-supplementation significantly increased I-concentration in muscle, liver, kidney and thyroid gland (p<0.05). The contribution of beef food to I-intake of humans is relatively low, therefore there is no need to reduce the EU-upper limit (10 mg kg−1 feed) for growing fattening cattle from the view of consumer safety. In view of animal health and performance more dose–response studies seem to be necessary.