Abstract
Weight control in contact sports implies an additional stress to competitors, mostly when strategies to reduce it are inadequate. The present work analyzes if a correct diet planning could decrease anxiety in competitors. The validated CSAI-2 questionnaire was used before and after the weight control with judo, karate and taekwondo competitors from both genders following a free diet vs those that followed a diet plan. Results indicated that the intensity for somatic and cognitive anxiety in the pre-weight event was lower in male and female competitors following a controlled diet. Regarding gender, no differences in anxiety intensity and directionality were observed between individuals following a free diet in the pre-weight event. Regarding sport discipline, judo and taekwondo practitioners presented higher somatic and cognitive anxiety than karate competitors did. Altogether, the correct control of the corresponding weight throughout the sports season decreases anxiety and increases self-confidence, allowing to the participants to focus on the contest objectives.
Highlights
RESUMEN El control del peso en deportes de contacto implica un estrés adicional para los competidores, principalmente cuando las estrategias para bajar de peso son inadecuadas
According to Cheng, Hardy and Markland (2009) and Englert and Bertrams (2012), anxiety can be considered as somatic and cognitive, making a difference between intensity and directionality (Hanton, Neil, & Mellalieu, 2008)
The population studied is very heterogeneous, we can have an overall idea by comparing the free diet vs. the controlled diet group
Summary
RESUMEN El control del peso en deportes de contacto implica un estrés adicional para los competidores, principalmente cuando las estrategias para bajar de peso son inadecuadas. The proximity of a tournament influences the psycho-physiological state of the competitor negatively, increasing anxiety intensity (Cerin, 2004; Gaudreau, Blondin, & Lapierre, 2002; Graham, Kowalski & Crocker, 2002) In this regard, studies are demonstrating the existence of certain personal (age, gender or experience) and environmental (weather conditions or motivational climate) elements that increase anxiety intensity before a competition (Abrahamsen, Roberts & Pensgaard, 2008; Brunet & Sabiston, 2008). Studies are demonstrating the existence of certain personal (age, gender or experience) and environmental (weather conditions or motivational climate) elements that increase anxiety intensity before a competition (Abrahamsen, Roberts & Pensgaard, 2008; Brunet & Sabiston, 2008) According to this cognitive-affective perspective, the type and complexity of the sports discipline can induce a state of anxiety (Nieuwenhuys & Oudejans, 2012). Combat sports are generally distributed into weight categories and to reach an appropriate body weight facilitates a better technical execution
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