Effect of Diesel-B20-Pentanol and Diesel-B20-Butonal Blends on Diesel Engine Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fueled with biodiesel-diesel-pentanol and biodiesel-diesel-butanol blends without engine modification. The effects of diesel-B20-Pentanol and diesel-B20-Butonal blends have been analyzed on diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics also to prevent leaks, fuel handling, and engine layout changes. In algae biofuel production, it shows some major challenges such as strain isolation, nutrient source and utilization, fuel extraction, refining and residual biomass utilization. Hence the transesterification in microwave reactor and blending with conventional diesel fuel by volume has been approached to directly mixed into the diesel engine without any challenges of algae biofuel production. Biodiesel has a high viscosity and lower calorific value but it has a high cetane number. Higher viscosity causes poor fuel atomization during the spray process and more energy is needed to pump the fuel. To overcome those problems, biodiesel was blended with alcohols There are two types of combinations has been presented, they are biodiesel-diesel-pentanol and biodiesel-diesel-butanol without modifying the engines. Based on the fuel characterization, D75-B20-PN5, D70-B20-PN10, D75-B20-BU5, and D70-B20-BU10 were selected for further experimental investigation. It is utilized for the reduction of calorific value due to the presence of oxygen in the molecular structure of biodiesel. The highest brake thermal efficiency of 31.7% was obtained for the D75-B20-BU5 blend. The lowest brake-specific fuel consumption of 0.12 (kg/kW- h) was obtained for the D75-B20-BU5 blend. The D75-B20-BU5 fuel has a heat release rate of 4.8 J/°CA. The lowest carbon monoxide emission of 0.0055% vol. was obtained from the D75-B20-BU5 blend. At 100% load, the least unburned hydrocarbon emission of 38 ppm was obtained in the D75-B20-BU5 blend. The nitric oxide emission of 47.4 ppm was obtained in D75-B20-BU5. The lowest filter smoke number of 34 ppm was obtained in D75-B20-BU5. Among the above-mentioned blends D75-B20-BU5 blend has the minimum emission of CO, UBHC and FSN. Thus, this paper discusses the viability of recommending biodiesel-diesel-alcohol blends to fulfil the future energy demands of the world.