Abstract
Diabetes mellitus with abnormal glucose concentration is associated with changes in hemorheological properties, endothelial function, and platelets hyperactivity. Disturbances may significantly be responsible for diabetes-related vascular complications. In this study, hemorheological and hemodynamic properties were measured according to diabetic duration after streptozotocin treatment in rats. For ex vivo measurements, an extracorporeal model was adopted. Flow rate and blood viscosity were measured using a microfluidic device. Erythrocyte aggregation and morphological parameters of erythrocytes were measured by modified erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the phase-contrast holography under in vitro conditions. The platelet aggregation and mean pressure in the femoral artery were estimated under ex vivo conditions. Hemorheological properties including blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation and shape parameters for the control group are significantly different with those for diabetic groups. The changes with respect to diabetic duration were relatively unnoticeable. However, the platelet aggregation is strongly dependent on the diabetic duration. Based on these results, hyperglycemia exposure may induce hemorheological variations in early stages of diabetes mellitus. High platelet aggregation may become more pronounced according to the diabetic duration caused by variations in hemorheological properties resulting in endothelial dysfunction. This study would be helpful in understanding the effects of diabetic duration on biophysical properties.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus with abnormal glucose concentration is associated with changes in hemorheological properties, endothelial function, and platelets hyperactivity
Given that the risk of developing vascular complications related with diabetes mellitus is associated with the degree and duration of hyperglycemia, we examined the effects of duration of hyperglycemia on biophysical properties, including blood viscosity, flow rate, pressure, degree of erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte shape, and platelet adhesion using the rat extracorporeal model and other measurement techniques
Glucose concentration in blood samples was measured using an Accu-Chek sensor instrument with test strips (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus with abnormal glucose concentration is associated with changes in hemorheological properties, endothelial function, and platelets hyperactivity. High platelet aggregation may become more pronounced according to the diabetic duration caused by variations in hemorheological properties resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Diabetes mellitus is associated with abnormal endothelial function, increase of arterial stiffness, platelet hyper-reactivity and hemorheological changes[1,2,3]. These resultant disturbances may play a critical role in the etiology of diabetes-related vascular complications, including arteriosclerosis, cardiac autonomic neuropathy and myocardial infarction[4,5]. In previous studies using diabetic models, it was demonstrated that hyperglycemia leads to hyperaggregation and low deformability of erythrocytes by changing hemoglobin and membrane proteins of erythrocyte, and serum proteins (fibrinogen and globulins)[3,11]. Impaired endothelial functions are observed in the very early stages of diabetes mellitus and www.nature.com/scientificreports/
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