Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and affects several systems including hearing. It was evidenced that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes in comparison to other non-diabetic individuals. Although there is no epidemiological information are available in Bangladesh, but it can assume that the number would not be less.
 Methods: This study was a hospital based case-control study conducted at department of ENT & department of Endocrinology for 1.5 year following approval of the protocol. Total 110 people (55 cases and 55 controls) were selected and analysed in this study. All the patients were divided into two groups: Group A (all patients with Diabetes) and Group B (persons without diabetes). For analysis group A were considered as case and group B were as control. Written informed consent was taken from all case and control subjects. A detailed history taking including hearing loss, duration, onset, associated symptoms & diabetes duration, treatment were obtained from the subject. A detailed ENT examination including otoscopic examination and tuning fork test were also conducted for each patient. Moreover, audiometric assessment-PTA, blood investigation-RBS, HbA1C, & renal parameters like blood urea & serum creatinine were tested in each cases. Data analysis was done in the statistical program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0.
 Results: Out of total 55 patients in each group, mean age of Diabetic and non-diabetic were 46.78±8.02 SD and 46.72±8.09 SD (years) with slight female predominance (45.5% vs 54.5% in diabetic group and 49.1% vs 50.9% in non-diabetic group).
 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2019; 25(2): 116-124
Highlights
Diabetes Mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin
sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is more prevalent in diabetic individuals and was associated with duration of Diabetes mellitus (DM) and blood glucose level
Association between diabetes mellitus and hearing loss has been debated since it was first reported by Jordao in 1857.10 there is controversy regarding the etiopathogenesis of hearing loss, as some researchers support that it develops due to neuropathy, others say it is due to angiopathy, or even a combination of both
Summary
Diabetes Mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus was 80%.1. Diabetes and sensorineural hearing loss among non-elderly people was 45%.3. In type-1 diabetes, the beta cells of pancreas no longer make insulin. In type[2] diabetes, pancreas continues to make insulin but a cellular impairment in sensitivity to insulin results in raised blood glucose levels. The pathophysiological explanation for diabetes related hearing loss is speculative. The tissue effects of diabetes are thought to be related to the polyol pathway, where glucose is reduced to the sorbitol. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and affects several systems including hearing. There is no epidemiological information are available in Bangladesh, but it can assume that the number would not be less
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