Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the effect of dental amalgam and composite restorations on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and calcium (Ca) ion concentration of unstimulated saliva.Material and MethodsForty-eight children aged 6-10 years selected and divided into three groups of sixteen (8 males, 8 females). In group A and B, samples consisted of two class II dental composite or amalgam restorations, while in group C samples were caries-free (control group). Unstimulated saliva from all samples was collected and TAC was measured by spectrophotometry using an adaptation of 2, 2’-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) assay. The Ca ion level was estimated by an auto- analyzer. Data were analyzed with one- and two-way ANOVA test, at a p<.05 level of significance.ResultsComposite samples showed significantly higher TAC and lower Ca ion levels compared to amalgam and caries-free samples (p<.05). The TAC values showed only significant difference between groups (p<.05), while the Ca ion results showed significant differences within and between groups (p<.05).ConclusionsDental composite restorations increased TAC and decreased Ca ion levels more than amalgam restorations in saliva. Gender is an effective factor in changes induced in oral cavity as females showed more emphatic reaction to dental filling materials than males. Statement of Clinical Relevance Patients who have dental restorations, especially dental composites, should pay more attention to their dental hygiene, because dental restorations can increase oxidative stress and decrease Ca ion level in saliva, which might jeopardize remineralization process of tooth structures after demineralization. Key words:Amalgam, caries, composite, saliva, total antioxidant capacity.
Highlights
Saliva is one of the most important human body fluids, which is mainly secreted in the oral cavity from three pairs of major salivary glands including parotid, submandibular and sublingual and many minor salivary glands [1]
The presence of Ca in saliva is of great importance as saliva contains proteins such as statherin and proline rich proteins (PRPs) that bind to Ca to inhibit the precipitation of Ca and promote the remineralization of tooth structures [8]
Dental composite and amalgam restorations increased the amount of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in saliva by trigging the oxidative stress in the oral cavity
Summary
Saliva is one of the most important human body fluids, which is mainly secreted in the oral cavity from three pairs of major salivary glands including parotid, submandibular and sublingual and many minor salivary glands [1]. The present study evaluated the effects of dental amalgam and composite restorations on TAC and Ca ion concentration. It is hypothesized that dental amalgam and composite restorations might change the oral cavity environmental condition in a way that these components of saliva can be influenced. In a 2-way ANOVA (TAC by group and by gender), the main gender effect was not significant (p>.05), indicating no difference in male and female. The interaction effect of group x gender was statistically significant (p
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