Effect of density date and planting sowing on growth and yield (Vigna radiata L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in loamy silty soil during the spring and autumn seasons of 2013 in Anbar governorate/ Al-Khalidiya district that located on 43° longitude and 33° latitude in order to know the effect of four sowing date in spring season which included (13th March, 10th April, 20th April and 30th April), while the autumn season included (10th July, 20th July, and 30th July) which have occupied the main plots. However, the plant densities have occupied the sub plots, which were (D1-133333, D2-100000, D3-80000 and D4-66666 plant.ha-1. The experiment has been carried out in split plot arrangement in RCBD for three replications. The results were summarized as follows: The lower plant density (D4) was superior in number of leaves in plant in the two seasons, while the plant density D3 in spring season gave highest average of leave area. For the stem diameter, the plant density D4 was superior in both seasons. As for yield and its components, the plant density D2 was superior by giving the highest average for number of pods in plant and did not show any significant differences in autumn seasons for this trait, while in number of seeds in pod did not show significant differences in both seasons. In 100-seed weight, there were no significant differences in spring season while the plant density D3 gave highest average for this trait. In the yield (ton.ha-1), the plant density D2 was superior in giving highest average in spring season and low density D4 in autumn season. Sowing date did not show significant effect in number of leaves in plant in spring and autumn season and in leaf area and stem diameter. Sowing date gave significant differences; however, the date 30th July gave highest average for this trait in autumn season, while the date 31st March in spring season gave the highest average of stem diameter. The date 10th July in autumn season gave the highest average in the two seasons, while in 100-seed weight and seed yield, the date 31st gave the highest average for the both traits while did not show significant differences and for the same traits in autumn season. The interaction has affected in most traits except leaf area and number of pods in plant and number of seeds in pod in autumn season. As for 100 seed, weight did not show any significant differences in spring season. In seed yield (ton.ha-1) did not show any significant differences between study factors in both seasons.