Abstract
The paper presents transient thermal-mixed-hydrodynamics of piston compression ring–cylinder liner conjunction for a 4-cylinder 4-stroke gasoline engine during a part of the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC). Analyses are carried out with and without cylinder de-activation technology in order to investigate its effect upon the generated tribological conditions. In particular, the effect of cylinder deactivation upon frictional power loss is studied. The predictions show that overall power losses in the piston–ring cylinder system worsen by as much as 10% because of the increased combustion pressures and liner temperatures in the active cylinders of an engine operating under cylinder deactivation. This finding shows the down-side of this progressively employed technology, which otherwise is effective in terms of combustion efficiency with additional benefits for operation of catalytic converters. The expounded approach has not hitherto been reported in literature.
Highlights
The automotive industry is driven by the need to manufacture more efficient vehicles, with ever-stringent global emission directives and regulations to reduce the effects of greenhouse gases
This paper presents the effect of cylinder de-activation (CDA) on the tribological performance of piston ring to cylinder liner conjunction
The analysis shows that CDA has a significant effect on the film thickness and frictional power losses for the active and deactivated cylinders
Summary
The automotive industry is driven by the need to manufacture more efficient vehicles, with ever-stringent global emission directives and regulations to reduce the effects of greenhouse gases. Better fuel economy and reduced emissions are key motivation for increased efficiency in internal combustion (IC) engines. Different technologies have been used to reduce emissions and improve fuel economy. These include variable valve actuation (VVA), turbo-charging, stopstart and cylinder de-activation (CDA). These technologies show potential for reducing emissions and fuel economy, they promote certain undesired side-effects such as durability or increased frictional losses in some engine conjunctions, which are not often taken into account. Frictional power losses typically account for 15–20% of the overall losses in an IC engine These include the piston ring and piston skirt friction,[1] which are the major contributors with 40–50% of the frictional losses.[2] These can be affected by changing the working conditions with the introduction of the aforementioned new technologies
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Schedule a callMore From: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology
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