Abstract
The biofilm-electrode reactor coupled with sulfur autotrophic denitrification process (BER-SAD) was used to remove nitrate in groundwater, and the effect of current intensity on the denitrification characteristics of the coupled process was explored. Current intensity had a great influence on the denitrification effect of the coupled process, the maximum nitrate removal efficiency of 99.9% and lowest nitrite production were gained under the optimum current density of 100 mA. Moreover, the accumulation concentration of SO42- increased gradually with the increase of current intensity. With the increase of current intensity, the proportion of hydrogen autotrophic denitrification decreased, while the proportion of sulfur autotrophic denitrification increased.
Highlights
Nitrate was considered to be a ubiquitous contaminant of natural water resources and has several sources, such as synthetic and natural fertilization, bacterial production, atmospheric deposition, and leaking septic systems
The maximum contaminant level (MCL) for nitrate stipulated by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2008) is at 11.29 mg-N/L in drinking water, and the value proposed by China is 10 mg-N/L (Standards for Drinking Water Quality, China: GB5749-2006)
The biofilm-electrode reactor coupled with sulfur autotrophic denitrifification process (BER-SAD) was used to remove nitrate in groundwater, and the effect of current intensity on the denitrification characteristics of the coupled process was explored
Summary
Nitrate was considered to be a ubiquitous contaminant of natural water resources and has several sources, such as synthetic and natural fertilization, bacterial production, atmospheric deposition, and leaking septic systems. This worldwide pollution affected aquatic ecosystems, but could pose threat to human health[1]. High levels of nitrate in drinking water, which was converted to nitrite in the human gut, could cause blue baby syndrome in infants and gastrointestinal cancer in adults[2]. Biological method has the characteristics of high efficiency and low energy consumption, so the method of removing nitrate in water by biological denitrification has been more and more applied[4]
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