Abstract
The biomaterial-cells interface is one of the most fundamental issues in tissue regeneration. Despite many years of scientific work, there is no clear answer to what determines the desired adhesion of cells and the synthesis of ECM proteins. Crystallinity is a characteristic of the structure that influences the surface and bulk properties of semicrystalline polymers used in medicine. The crystallinity of polycaprolactone (PCL) was varied by changing the molecular weight of the polymer and the annealing procedure. Measurements of surface free energy showed differences related to substrate crystallinity. Additionally, the water contact angle was determined to characterise surface wettability which was crucial in the analysis of protein absorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to indicate oxygen bonds amount on the surface. Finally, the impact of the crystallinity, and related properties were demonstrated on dermal fibroblasts' response. Cellular proliferation and expression of selected genes: α-SMA, collagen I, TIMP, integrin were analysed.
Highlights
Surface science has played an important role in biomaterials research for more than two decades
Higher of L(110), L(111), L(200) are observed for PCL45 than for PCL80, and for annealed samples. Those Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) trends in crystal size correspond with relationships between melting temperatures of particular samples with higher values for PCL45 and for samples a er annealing
We previously proved, aligned bres indicate higher crystallinity and molecular order than nonaligned bres.[59] Alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) expression on PCL45w was in agreement with the observation of Hinz et al.[57]
Summary
Surface science has played an important role in biomaterials research for more than two decades. The process of identifying and understanding the role of each of the signalling pathways activated as a result of interaction between cells and substrate molecules is still incomplete.[3] In vivo within seconds, non-speci c protein adsorption occurs on the surface. Implanted biomaterials rapidly acquire a layer of plasma proteins, e.g.: albumin, brinogen, bronectin, and vitronectin.[4,5] The primary cellular recognition and response of the immune systems begin when protein is adsorbed on the surface.[6] The amount of proteins adsorbed on the surface proteins is in uenced by material surface properties such as roughness, chemical structure, wettability and interactions between material and cells, such as van der Waals, polar and ionic interactions.[2,6]
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