Effect of Cryogenic grinding on chemical and morphological characteristics of mango (Mangifera indicaL.) peel powder

Abstract

Mango peel waste (MPW) represents 15–20% of the overall mass of fruit. Hence, an attempt has been made to utilize MPW from six cultivars (Chausa, Langra, Neelum, Barah masi, Dashehari, and Fazli). The mango peel powder (MPP) was obtained using Cryo-Ball mill, which uses liquid nitrogen to achieve low temperature. The samples were subjected to proximate, mineral composition and SEM analysis. The MPP extracts were screened for their TPC, TFC, and IC50 values. The samples had considerable amount of protein (5.39–6.06%) and crude fiber (6.43–11.80%). Interestingly, significant amount of P and Cl was recorded with highest value in Barah masi (13.53%) and Chausa (2.89%), respectively, which are not reported earlier. Langra, Neelum, and Chausa were found to have highest values for TPC, TFC, and IC50 as 60.48 mg GAE/g, 135.04 mg QE/g, and 490.75 µg/mL, respectively. This study will provide the insight of relationship between Cryogenic grinding and retention of beneficial components. Practical applications The Cryogenic grinding (Cryo-grinding) is an emerging technology which is used for retention of beneficial components and results in end product with improved quality. This study will highlight the link between Cryo-grinding and retention of bioactive compounds. The chemical and mineral composition data obtained for Cryo-ground samples (mango peel powder) suggests their great potential to be used for the fortification of food products. In addition, it reduces problems related to waste disposal and improves functional quality of the food. The findings of this study will enlighten the researchers about incorporation of LN2 in grinding operation of heat-sensitive products.