Effect of Crop Rotation on Biological Characteristics and Economic Indicators of Winter Wheat in Different Agroecological Conditions

Abstract

The article deals with observations on plants and agrotechnical measures in accordance with the recommendations on the cultivation of plants in short rotation alternating and continuous crops consisting of cereal and inter-row cultivated plants under irrigation conditions. It is known that realizing the potential productivity of wheat in favorable soil and climate conditions is possible by applying high-level agrotechnics in various agro-ecological conditions. The highest indicators of spike elements of the Gobustan variety of wheat, which is the main source of research, were obtained in the crop rotation variant. In Absheron YTT, the spike length is 9.1 cm, the number of spikes is 17.4, the number of seeds is 43, and the mass of the seed is 1.62 g. The mass of 1000 grains are 41.8 g. 9.9 cm according to the mentioned indicators in Tarter BTS; 19.9 units; 50 units; It was determined to be 1.83 g: 40.9 g, which is 0.6-0.9 cm in regions, respectively, compared to continuous cultivation; 2.3-2.8 pieces; 4-3 units; An increase of 0.11-0.16 g and 3.1-3.4 g was obtained. The number of beans per plant in Absheron AEF is 45.6, the number of seeds is 106.3, the mass of seeds is 12.5 g, and the mass of 1000 seeds is 118.4 g. In Tarter RES, one plant has 52.5 beans, 128 grains, the mass of a grain is 13.9 g, and the mass of 1000 g of grain is 110.3 g. These indicators 4.0-4.3 units according to regions compared to continuous cultivation; 9.0-12.3 units; 1.2-1.3 g and 7.4-3.2 g indicate an increase. Thus, the crop rotation in 2 different agroecological conditions after the soybean predecessor had a significant effect on the spike and economic indicators of the winter wheat crop. The highest indicators of spike elements of the winter wheat Gobustan variety were obtained in the crop rotation variant. According to the results of the research, the highest grain yield in the regions was obtained in the mentioned option. Thus, in this variant, the grain yield of winter wheat per hectare was 40.4 cwt in Absheron AEF and 48.4 cwt in Tartar RES.