Effect of cottonseed oil and ferrous sulfate in broiler diets on intestinal morphometry at 42 days of age

J.B.S Oliveira,G.J.B.C Ferreira,V.B.S Lima,D.C.N Nascimento,H P A Bastos,L.R.B Dourado

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-9138

J.B.S Oliveira, G.J.B.C Ferreira + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9138

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Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to evaluate the intestinal morphometry of broilers at 42 days of age fed diets containing different levels of cottonseed oil, with and without addition of ferrous sulfate. A total of 560 male Ross chickens were used in a completely randomized design with a 4×2 factorial arrangement and five replications with 14 birds. The cottonseed oil levels tested were 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. At 42 days of age, one bird per replicate was collected for morphometric. Analyzed variables were villus height, crypt length and muscle wall thickness. The statistical analysis was performed using SAS, P=0.05. In the duodenum and ileum, there was no significant effect of interaction between the treatments. In the jejunum, only the length of the crypt, the treatment with cottonseed oil 2%, more ferrous sulfate resulted in lower values; however, the same oil content without ferrous sulfate led to a greater length, which was also observed in the treatment with 4% oil plus ferrous sulfate. Inclusion of cottonseed oil in broiler diets at 42 days of age does not impair their intestinal morphology. Supplementation with ferrous sulfate at these levels is unnecessary, since no improvement was observed in the intestinal morphometric.

Highlights

The main goal of modern poultry farming is to reduce production costs and increase productivity
As regards the morphometric analysis of the jejunum (Table 2), no significant interaction effect was observed on the variables villus length and muscle wall thickness
The variable crypt length was significantly affected by the interaction, in which the presence of ferrous sulfate plus 2% cottonseed oil reduced this variable, and the same oil content without ferrous sulfate resulted in a longer crypt length than the other analyzed levels

Summary

Introduction

The main goal of modern poultry farming is to reduce production costs and increase productivity. For this purpose, producers make use of instruments such as genetics, management, and especially nutrition, since the diet is considered the main factor associated with production costs in commercial poultry farming (Carvalho and Fiúza 2008). The presence of gossypol limits their use at high proportions, as gossypol can be toxic at high levels (Prawirodigdo et al, 1997). The toxic action of gossypol can be minimized by heat and pressure in the processing of these products (Gadellha et al, 2014) and dietary addition of iron salts, which, when complexing with gossypol, make it innocuo (Nagalakshmi et al, 2007). When ferrous sulfate is added, animals tolerate higher levels of free gossypol, reaching 100ppm and even 200ppm for the initial and fattening phases (Barbosa and Gattás, 2004)

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