Effect of copper on bioconcentration of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Dandan Zhao,Tadiyose Girma Bekele,Hongxia Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113121

Abstract

Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) have received increasing attention as emerging contaminants. However, most of the existing relevant studies focused on the adverse ecological effect of BUVSs under their single exposure, information about the bioconcentration potential of BUVSs and their joint exposure with heavy metals remains scarce. In this study, we investigated the bioconcentration kinetics of 6 frequently reported BUVSs in four main tissues of common carp under different Cu concentration. The bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and half-lives (t1/2) in the fish tissues ranged from 5.73 (UV-PS in kidney) to 1076 (UV-327 in liver), and 2.19 (UV-PS in kidney) to 31.5 (UV-320 in liver) days, respectively. Under the effect of Cu, an increase in BCF values was observed, which is mainly due to the decreased depuration rate (k2). These results indicated that BUVSs accumulated in fish and that Cu can affect the bioconcentration of BUVSs. This study provides important insight into the co-exposure of heavy metal and BUVSs, contributing to the perfection of BUVSs risk assessment.

Highlights

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause aging of organic materials as well as human skin, posing a threat to both environment and human body (Correa et al, 2021; Zeng et al, 2018)
Fish mortality was less than 3% and no abnormal behavior was observed in both control and treatment groups
Hepatosomatic index (HSI) is one of the most frequently used morphological indices to evaluate the effect of test solution on individual fish (Li et al, 2011), HSI of fish was determined in this study, calculated by the ratio of liver weight to whole fish weight

Summary

Introduction

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause aging of organic materials as well as human skin, posing a threat to both environment and human body (Correa et al, 2021; Zeng et al, 2018). BUVSs can be released into different environmental compartments, predominantly into aquatic system through various pathways, mainly via direct recreational activities such as bathing and swimming or indirect landfill leachate and sewage treatment plant effluents (Apel et al, 2018; Carpinteiro et al, 2010; Lu et al, 2017; Parajulee et al, 2018). They can be discharged into soils as a result of solid waste or emitted into air due to abrasion and volatilization (Carpinteiro et al, 2010; Xiong, 2017). These compounds are ubiquitous in the natural environment, human settlements and living organisms

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Conclusion