Abstract
Raspberries are widely consumed; the taste of the fruit is determined by the interaction between sugars, organic acids and a set of volatile compounds. Meanwhile, organic agriculture has developed rapidly as an alternative to conventional system and has been driven by the demand for pesticide-free food that brings greater benefits to human health. However, this system can alter the integral quality of the fruit, including the aroma, which has been little studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of organic and conventional fertilizers, in the presence of volatile compounds synthesized in the cv. ‘Heritage’ raspberry, during two crop cycles. The qualitative profile of volatile compounds was analysed by mass gas chromatography, obtaining as a result that fertilization treatments significantly affected the emission of volatile compounds in the most abundant functional group (C13 norisoprenoids) 48.5 vs. 25.8% and 56.9 vs. 29.1% in conventional and organic, in 2017 and 2018, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The crop cycle affected the concentration of aldehydes (11.2 vs. 30.6% in organic, in 2017 and 2018, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). Impact compounds such as α-ionone (13.92 vs. 9.08% and 25.34 vs. 9.17% in conventional and organic in 2017 and 2018, respectively) and β-ionone (24.93 vs. 14.10% and 22.66 vs. 15.94% in conventional and organic in 2017 and 2018, respectively), presented greater abundance in conventional fertilization (p ≤ 0.05). Since there were changes in the volatile compounds, it is recommended to study whether the consumer perceives these changes.
Highlights
Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is a perennial crop, a member of the Rosaceae family that produces a red fruit with a sweet and sour taste at the same time (Aprea et al, 2015)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of organic and conventional fertilization on emissions of volatile compounds in raspberry cv ‘Hertiage’, during two consecutive agronomic cycles
It was observed that the determinations of most volatile compounds in raspberries were influenced by fertilization and / or seasonal variation
Summary
Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is a perennial crop, a member of the Rosaceae family that produces a red fruit with a sweet and sour taste at the same time (Aprea et al, 2015). Received in revised form: 08 Apr 2020. Not Bot Horti Agrobo 48(2):862870 exceeded 130,000 tons. The main producing states are Jalisco (71%), Baja California (10%), Michoacán (18%) (SIAP, 2018). The most important raspberry varieties in México are ‘Autumn Bliss’, ‘Summit’ and ‘Heritage’, which is originally from the United States (Guzman et al, 2004)
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