Abstract
an experiment was carried out in Karbala on 10/9/2014 using the compost of palm residues at four levels (0, 20, 30, 40) tan.h-1 and the humic acid in three concentrations (0,1.5, 3)ml.L-1 to determine the effect of these factors and their interaction in growth and quality characteristics of potato and find organic fertilizer combination instead of chemical fertilizers. The addition of the compost of the residue palm has a significant and positive effect on all studied traits (Number of branches.plant-1, Plant height, percent of the dry weight of vegetative growth, percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tubers, ratio of total soluble solids in tubers, percent of starch in tubers, the market yield of the plant), While not affecting on not valid for the marketing year. Spraying of the humic acid caused a significant increase in all the mentioned characteristics except for the percent of phosphorus in the tubers and the not valid for marketing yield. Interaction between palm waste compost and humic acid had a significant effect on the studied indicators except for the percent of phosphorus in the tubers and the not valid for marketing yield of the plant.
Highlights
Iraq has large numbers of palm trees whose waste can be exploited to produce an organic compost that can be used to improve soil specifications and agricultural production
Increase plant height may be due to the fact that compost elements nutrients, including nitrogen, which stimulates the plant to produce oxygen, which promotes cellular division and elongation of cells increasing plant height, The increase in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium due to the increase of organic matter in the soil led to improved fertility of the soil and increase the readiness of the elements and increase their absorption and transfer of leaves and tubers, The increase in starch and total soluble solids (TSS) Because of the role of organic matter in improving the properties of physical soil and fertility, this leads to increased absorption of nutrients and increase photosynthesis and the production of carbohydrates, including starch
Organic matter increases soil biomass and releases carbon dioxide which produces carbonic acid with water, resulting in reduced soil pH and increased solubility of precipitated phosphate compounds, release potassium and phosphorus, Increased CEC for soil this increases the retention and release of positive ions such as potassium, preventing it from stabilizing and increasing its availability and moving to the leaves[12] As a result of the availability of nutrients and increase its these have been positively reflected in plant growth and photosynthesis, and the manufacturing of carbohydrates and proteins in the leaves and their transfer to tubers, it is due to the increasing the dry matter in the tubers and increasing the weight and number and increase the total yield
Summary
Iraq has large numbers of palm trees whose waste can be exploited to produce an organic compost that can be used to improve soil specifications and agricultural production. The waste of palm organic are produced in large quantities in Iraq. It can be exploited to improve soil properties and agricultural production. The study aims using the large quantities of palm waste in Iraq to produce compost in Agricultural production to improve the plant growth and quality yield and find organic fertilizer combination instead of chemical fertilizers
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