Abstract
It is unclear whether sugar sweetened beverages bypass regulatory controls of food intake (FI) in boys. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of isovolumetric preloads (350 mL) of a fruit-flavoured drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% M.F. chocolate milk (224 kcal), and water (0 kcal) on subjective appetite and FI in boys aged 9–14 years. On four separate mornings, boys consumed one of the preloads in a random order; subjective appetite was measured at 15 min intervals, and FI was measured via an ad libitum pizza lunch at 60 min post-beverage consumption. In the 32 boys (age: 11.8 ± 0.3 years), FI was reduced (p < 0.001) after cola (940 ± 46 kcal) and chocolate milk (878 ± 41 kcal) compared with the water control (1048 ± 35 kcal) and after chocolate milk compared to the fruit drink (1005 ± 44 kcal). Cumulative FI after the fruit drink was greater than the water control (1159 ± 44 vs. 1048 ± 35 kcal; p = 0.03). Average appetite was not affected by the treatment, but the cola treatment resulted in greater fullness (p = 0.04) and lower prospective food consumption (p = 0.004) compared with the fruit drink. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola suppressed next-meal FI at 60 min, while fruit drink increased cumulative FI (beverage + next meal) over 60 min in boys. Results from this study suggest that beverage composition is an important determinant of FI suppression in boys.
Highlights
Beverages account for up to 20% of daily caloric intake in Canadian children aged 4–18 y, and 44%of the average daily sugars intake of children is derived from fluid dairy (14%), fruit juices (9%), soft drinks (14%), and fruit drinks (7%) [1,2]
Despite these observations suggesting that proteins exert a stronger effect than sugars on food intake (FI) suppression in healthy-weight boys, there are limited reports of familiar, commercially available sugar-sweetened beverages on subjective appetite and FI in boys
The present study investigated the effects of consuming three different commercially available sugars-sweetened beverages compared to water on subjective appetite and next-meal FI in boys
Summary
Beverages account for up to 20% of daily caloric intake in Canadian children aged 4–18 y, and 44%of the average daily sugars intake of children is derived from fluid dairy (14%), fruit juices (9%), soft drinks (14%), and fruit drinks (7%) [1,2]. Energy compensation was diminished following the consumption of 50 g glucose in solution when the delay interval between the beverage consumption and test meal was extended from 30 to 60 min, whereas the effect of whey-protein was increased [5]. Despite these observations suggesting that proteins exert a stronger effect than sugars on FI suppression in healthy-weight boys, there are limited reports of familiar, commercially available sugar-sweetened beverages on subjective appetite and FI in boys
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