Abstract
A closed system for plant production with artificial light is an innovative method of plant cultivation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of light colour on rooting cuttings and subsequent growth of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum Ramat./Kitam.) During the experiments, the following conditions were maintained: photoperiod 16 h or 10 h, temperature 22 °C, relative humidity of 65–70%. LED lamps emitted the following light colours: white, blue, white + blue (50:50), and red + blue (75:25). For all light spectra, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was 50 μmol m−2 s−1. The effectiveness of exposure to different light colours was measured with parameters: cutting weight (g), cutting length (cm), length of roots, and index of leaf greenness (SPAD). The measurements referred to plant features determining plant quality, i.e., the number of flower buds and flower head, the diameter of the flower head, height of plants, index of leaf greenness (SPAD), the number of leaves, and the fresh and dry weights of aboveground parts of plants. The rooting of cuttings and subsequent growth are integral processes in the cultivation of potted chrysanthemums. Both were differently affected by the colour of light from LED lamps. The exposure to red + blue light resulted in the highest leaf greenness index (SPAD) value and the shortest cuttings with the longest roots. White + blue light significantly influenced most of the growth parameters, except the height of the plants and the number of leaves.
Highlights
Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide
Ornamental plants, which strongly depend on the photoperiod, benefit from the cultivation in a plastic tunnel, where lighting, pests, diseases, watering, and harvesting are controlled
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of different colours of light on the rooting of chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum Ramat./Kitam) cv. ’Nova Lime’ cuttings and their subsequent growth in a growth room with no access to sunlight
Summary
Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide. Various methods have been used to cultivate and breed this plant in its long history. The plant can form flower buds in a daytime of 13.5 h or less It can elongate its internodes and stem when the daytime is longer than 14 h under supplemental light replacing daylight. Lighting can be divided into two phases, i.e., the long-day phase and the short-day one The aim of the former phase is to improve vegetative growth, mainly the stem length and width, and to increase the number of leaves. Plants are exposed to light for more than 12 h per day for 10–25 days The aim of the latter phase is to promote generative growth, such as the formation of flower buds for the anthesis period. Plants are exposed to light less than 12 h per day for 6–11 weeks [2]
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