Abstract
Introduction: Although collagen is widely used in various forms as a functional ingredient in skin care products, the effect of oral supplementation of collagen tripeptides (CTPs) on human skin is unclear. Moreover, the majority of the positive outcomes of CTP reported so far have not considered the effect of weather conditions. Therefore, we tested the effect of CTP and adjusting for climate change on skin properties in middle-aged women.Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 women between 40 and 60 years of age. Participants were randomized to receive placebo or 1,000 mg CTP daily for 12 weeks. CTP was prepared from the skin of Nile Tilapia by the digestion method using collagenase from non-pathogenic bacteria of the genus Bacillus. Skin hydration, wrinkling, and elasticity were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks with adjustments for temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet A exposure during the evaluation time using weather data from the regional meteorological office.Results: Of the 82 participants, 74 completed the trial without adverse effects. Compared with the control group, trans-epidermal water loss was reduced more in the CTP group after 12 weeks (P < 0.05). At 12 weeks, even after adjustment for humidity, temperature, and UVA in the region, the difference of the two groups in TEWL remained statistically significant (adjusted for humidity and temperature, P = 0.024; adjusted for UVA, P = 0.032; adjusted for temperature, high temperature, and ultraviolet A, P = 0.031). In terms of skin hydration, more improvement was evident in the CTP group than in the control group. In the subgroup analysis, subjects under 50 years of age showed a significant improvement in total score and moisture in the subjective skin improvement questionnaire after taking CTP for 12 weeks. Application of CTP was well-tolerated, and no notable adverse effect was reported from both groups.Discussion: Our findings suggest that oral ingestion of CTP from the Skin of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is well-tolerated and helps reduce water loss in in middle-aged women.Clinical Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov/, Identifier: NCT03505684.
Highlights
Collagen is widely used in various forms as a functional ingredient in skin care products, the effect of oral supplementation of collagen tripeptides (CTPs) on human skin is unclear
At 12 weeks, even after adjustment for humidity, the subgroup analysis, subjects under 50 years of age showed a significant improvement in total score and moisture in the subjective skin improvement questionnaire after taking CTP for 12 weeks (P < 0.05, data not shown), and subjects over 50 years of age reported that the tightness was significantly improved compared to the control group after taking CTP for 6 weeks (P < 0.05, data not shown)
Our results showed that daily oral intake of 1,000 mg CTP for 12 weeks decreased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and was tolerated among middle-aged women
Summary
Collagen is widely used in various forms as a functional ingredient in skin care products, the effect of oral supplementation of collagen tripeptides (CTPs) on human skin is unclear. In the process of digestion, they can traverse the gastrointestinal tract, cross the intestinal barrier, and reach the skin, potentially in an active form, via the blood stream. Blood containing these bioactive compounds continuously replenishes the skin and all skin compartments, including the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat, and sebum [5]. Among these compounds, collagen has been widely used as a material in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its biological and functional properties [6]. Collagen peptides derived from sea fish have been recognized as a dietary supplement that is useful for treating high blood pressure [7], muscle damage [8], lipid and glucose control [7, 9], and weight management in overweight individuals [10]
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