Effect of cobalt-60 gamma radiation on total hemocyte content and biochemical parameters in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)

Abstract

Purpose: The effect of low level cobalt-60 (60Co) gamma radiation on the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii was evaluated by observing their hemocyte counts and biochemical parameters.Materials and methods: Prawns were exposed to 3, 30, 300 and 3000 milligray (mGy) dose levels and their tissues of gills, hepatopancreas and muscle were analyzed.Results: The results showed that the number of hemocytes in the hemolymph and concentrations of protein and carbohydrate were significantly reduced in irradiated groups than compared to the control prawn. Increased aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Acetyl choline esterase (AChE) in the irradiated groups reflects tissue damage.Conclusions: Hence, this study concludes that even low level of ionizing radiation (60Co gamma) can cause acute damages in gills, hepatopancreas and muscles in irradiated groups.Highlights60Co exposures effect the THC and biochemical of prawn M. rosenbergii.Different dose levels such as 3, 30, 300 and 3000 mGy.Biochemical parameters serve as reliable indicators of physical status of organism.Self-regulating mechanisms might be the reason for preventing from the lethality.Suggested that nuclear industries should manage below 3 mGy.