Effect of CO 2 diluent on fuel versus oxidizer side of spherical diffusion flames in microgravity

Abstract

The present study experimentally investigates fundamental characteristics of diffusion flames and the importance of gas radiation. In particular, transient measurements of flame growth, temperature, and radiation intensity of an expanding spherical diffusion flame in microgravity are used to investigate the effects of various diluents (N 2, CO 2) with different radiative properties. Two systems were studied: diluents on the oxidizer side of the reaction zone and diluents on the fuel side. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure using a porous spherical burner aerodynamically supporting an ethylene diffusion flame in an oxidizing atmosphere. A color CCD camera was used to obtain the flame growth rate. Temperature field was measured by an array of thermocouples that were corrected for radiation, conduction through the leads and the time constant of the bead. Radiation intensity was measured by an array of photodetectors sensitive to selected spectral regions. Experimental results show that Lewis number of the oxidizer (Le O) does not have a dominant effect on the flame growth and the effect of the Lewis number of the fuel (Le F) on the flame growth is unclear from the experimental results. Despite controlling ρC P, the energy storage component of the reactant mixtures, influence of CO 2 in the flame region reduced the flame temperature and the soot formation due to increased energy transfer. CO 2 present in the oxidizer increased the volume-averaged temperature and lowered the flame radiative emission indicating both an increase in radiation heat transfer and radiation reabsorption. The presence of CO 2 in the fuel decreased the volume-averaged temperature significantly. Overall, CO 2 diluent affected the two systems by different mechanisms. On the oxidizer side, radiation reabsorption played a role in strengthening the flame, while on the fuel side, enhanced CO 2 increased radiative heat losses without exhibition of radiation reabsorption.