Effect of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaf Extract on Selected Renal Parameters and Hematological Indices of Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Toxic Rats

Iwu C C,Akwukwaegbu P I,Ikewuchi C C

doi:10.13189/ijbb.2020.080101

Abstract

Effect of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaf extract on selected renal parameters and hematological indices of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxic rats was investigated using standard analytical methods. Forty-two (42) wistar rats weighing 91-185g was used for this study. The rats were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each and allowed to acclimatize for one week with food and water ad libitum. Carbon tetrachloride was prepared in the ratio of 1:5 (v:v) in olive oil and administered subcutaneously at 0.17 mL/kg body weight on the first day after acclimatization. Group I received normal feed and water only, group II received CCl4 only, group III received olive oil only, groups IV, V and VI received 50 mg/kgbw, 75 mg/kgbw and 100 mg/kgbw oral dose of C. aconitifolius respectively in addition to CCl4 while group VII received vitamin C plus CCl4. After oral administration for twenty-one days, the rats were painlessly sacrificed; plasma and blood were collected for renal and hematological analyses respectively. Results showed that CCl4 increased Ca, Na, K and decreased RBC, PCV, Hb and platelet number of rats induced, however oral administration of C. aconitifolius significantly decreased; Ca and Na at 50 mg/kgbw, K in a dose-dependent pattern and significantly increased RBC, PCV, Hb and platelet number at all doses. This study has shown that the leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius had a dose-dependent positive effect on the hematological indices as well as the potential to ameliorate kidney parameters of CCl4 treated wistar rats at the given concentrations.

Highlights

IntroductionThe rats were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each and allowed to acclimatize for one week
Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is a native of Central America The animals (42 wistar rats) weighing 91-185g, used in Effect of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaf Extract on Selected Renal Parameters and Hematological Indices of Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Toxic Rats this work were purchased from the animal house of the Department of Physiology, University of Port Harcourt
This study showed that plasma creatinine concentration increased slightly in CCl4 treated rats but were ameliorated with the extract of C. aconitifolius leaf at 75 mg/kg body weight and 100 mg/kg body weight

Summary

Introduction

The rats were divided into 7 groups of 6 rats each and allowed to acclimatize for one week. Carbon tetrachloride was prepared in the ratio of 1:5 (v:v) in olive oil and administered subcutaneously at 0.17 mL/kg body weight on the first day after acclimatization. The method of [19] was adopted for dosage administration of CCl4. Twenty-four hours after CCl4 administration, treatment with the leaf extract commenced. Administration of the extract and antioxidant (Vitamin C) was done orally on daily basis for twenty-one days as adopted from [20] and [21].

Results

Discussion

Conclusion