Effect of cinnamon on gastric emptying, arterial stiffness, postprandial lipemia, glycemia, and appetite responses to high-fat breakfast

Oonagh Markey,Tom R Trinick,Amir Shafat,Gareth W Davison,Paul Medlow,Ellie Duly,Conor M Mcclean

doi:10.1186/1475-2840-10-78

Abstract

BackgroundCinnamon has been shown to delay gastric emptying of a high-carbohydrate meal and reduce postprandial glycemia in healthy adults. However, it is dietary fat which is implicated in the etiology and is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the effect of 3 g cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on GE, postprandial lipemic and glycemic responses, oxidative stress, arterial stiffness, as well as appetite sensations and subsequent food intake following a high-fat meal.MethodsA single-blind randomized crossover study assessed nine healthy, young subjects. GE rate of a high-fat meal supplemented with 3 g cinnamon or placebo was determined using the 13C octanoic acid breath test. Breath, blood samples and subjective appetite ratings were collected in the fasted and during the 360 min postprandial period, followed by an ad libitum buffet meal. Gastric emptying and 1-day fatty acid intake relationships were also examined.ResultsCinnamon did not change gastric emptying parameters, postprandial triacylglycerol or glucose concentrations, oxidative stress, arterial function or appetite (p < 0.05). Strong relationships were evident (p < 0.05) between GE Thalf and 1-day palmitoleic acid (r = -0.78), eiconsenoic acid (r = -0.84) and total omega-3 intake (r = -0.72). The ingestion of 3 g cinnamon had no effect on GE, arterial stiffness and oxidative stress following a HF meal.Conclusions3 g cinnamon did not alter the postprandial response to a high-fat test meal. We find no evidence to support the use of 3 g cinnamon supplementation for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disease. Dietary fatty acid intake requires consideration in future gastrointestinal studies.Trial registrationTrial registration number: at http://www.clinicaltrial.gov: NCT01350284

Highlights

Cinnamon has been shown to delay gastric emptying of a high-carbohydrate meal and reduce postprandial glycemia in healthy adults
We evaluated the effect of cinnamon ingestion on oxidative stress, vascular function, appetite sensations and subsequent food intake in healthy subjects
There were no reported differences either between or within supplements for RI over time following the ingestion of the test meal (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Cinnamon has been shown to delay gastric emptying of a high-carbohydrate meal and reduce postprandial glycemia in healthy adults. It is dietary fat which is implicated in the etiology and is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the effect of 3 g cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on GE, postprandial lipemic and glycemic responses, oxidative stress, arterial stiffness, as well as appetite sensations and subsequent food intake following a high-fat meal. Free-living individuals are in the postprandial hyper-triglyceridemic state for the majority of a 24-h period [1] Dietary supplementations, such as traditional spices, that can limit lipemia and glycemia in the fed state, have important implications for prevention and management of metabolic diseases. A 5 g cinnamon bolus improved glycemic responses and insulin sensitivity when given 12 hours prior to, or with, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in healthy adults [9]

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