Abstract
PurposeTo compare the influence of Cimicifuga racemosa extract (CR, Ze 450) and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on metabolic parameters and body weight in symptomatic menopausal women.MethodsIn this monocentric retrospective cohort study, women over 40 years old with a first consultation between 2009 and 2016 were screened. Included in the final analysis were women treated with either MHT or CR and having at least one follow-up consultation. Metabolic serum parameters (lipids, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR), body weight, and menopausal symptoms [Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)-II] were the main outcome measures. Statistical analysis by uni- and multi-variable linear mixed-effects regression models assuming a linear effect of time.Results174 women were included in the final analysis (CR n = 32, MHT n = 142). There was no difference between the groups regarding baseline characteristics (age, BMI, serum metabolic parameters, hormones, and blood pressure) and total MRS-II score, while reproductive stage differed significantly with more postmenopausal women treated with CR (83%) than MHT (55%) (p = 0.038). Median follow-up time was 12 months. In both groups, metabolic serum parameters and body weight did not change over the follow-up period, while total and MRS-II subscores improved.ConclusionMenopausal symptoms improved significantly in both groups (MHT and CR), while serum metabolic parameters and body weight did not change in MHT- or CR-treated women.
Highlights
The menopausal transition and ageing are accompanied by body weight increase of about 0.5 kg annually [1,2,3]
Body composition changes with visceral fat depots increasing and lean body mass decreasing [4] often accompanied by adverse changes in metabolic parameters [5]
For Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), we found a significant improvement over time of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS)-II total score (− 0.99 [95% confidence intervals (95% CI) − 1.42, − 0.55] per year; p < 0.0001), MRS-II vegetative subscore (− 0.24 [95% CI − 0.45, − 0.03] per year; p = 0.023), MRS-II psychological subscore (− 0.48 [95% CI − 0.71, − 0.25]; p < 0.0001), and MRS-II urogenital subscore (− 0.28 [95% CI − 0.45, − 0.11]; p = 0.001)
Summary
The menopausal transition and ageing are accompanied by body weight increase of about 0.5 kg annually [1,2,3]. Especially during menopause, has been significantly associated with increased risk of several diseases [2]. Body composition changes with visceral fat depots increasing and lean body mass decreasing [4] often accompanied by adverse changes in metabolic parameters [5]. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is usually indicated for menopausal symptom relief, and has a positive impact on body weight, body composition, and metabolic parameters [6,7,8]. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa, CR) is an alternative treatment for menopausal hot flushes [9, 10].
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