Abstract
The high-temperature oxidation behaviors of polycrystalline Co-30Ni-10Al-4W-4Ti-2Ta superalloys with Cr contents ranging from 1 to 5 at.% are characterized at 900 °C to provide benchmark data for the alloy design of the CoNi-based superalloys. The mass gain curves for all three alloys exhibit parabolic growth, and the addition of 5Cr at.% is sufficient to decrease the oxidation rate by two orders of magnitude compared to the Cr-free alloy. Furthermore, cross-sectional findings reveal that these three alloys form qualitatively similar oxide scales composed of an outer oxide layer of Co3O4 and CoAl2O4 phase on top of an Al2O3 scale, following the inner oxide layers of Cr2O3, TiO2, and TiTaO4, and internally oxidized Al2O3 precipitate. The alloy forms a chromium-rich oxide scale as the Cr addition increased, and the concentration of Cr in the scale/alloy interface increases, promoting the growth of Cr2O3, while CoAl2O4 and Co3O4 nucleation is inhibited. The results further indicate that Cr has a superior effect on improving the oxidation resistance of CoNi-based alloys and that a higher content of Cr can assist the formation of a continuous Al2O3, Cr2O3, and TiTaO4 layers, which in turn hampers outer Co and Ni, and inward oxygen flux.
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