Abstract
(1) Background: Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) have been attracting interest of late, owing to their health benefits. Here, we performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate whether CGAs improved cognitive function in humans. (2) Methods: Thirty-eight healthy participants were assigned to either the CGA group, which was given CGA-added beverage daily for 16 weeks, or the placebo group. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Japanese version of the CNS Vital Signs (Cognitrax). (3) Results: The CGA group showed significant increase in the Cognitrax domain scores for motor speed, psychomotor speed, and executive function compared with the placebo group, as well as an improvement in the shifting attention test scores. In blood analysis, the CGA group showed increased levels of apolipoprotein A1 and transthyretin, both of which are putative biomarkers for early-stage cognitive decline. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that CGAs may improve some cognitive functions, which would help in the efficient performance of complex tasks.
Highlights
Cognitive function encompasses a wide range of brain functions, such as memory, attention, language, and executive function, all of which are essential for our daily activities
All participants completed the trial by complying with the study protocol, which required the consumption of more completed the trial by complying with the study protocol, which required the consumption of more than 80% of the test beverage
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that investigated the effects of a 16-week intake of Chlorogenic acids (CGAs) on cognitive performance in humans
Summary
Cognitive function encompasses a wide range of brain functions, such as memory, attention, language, and executive function, all of which are essential for our daily activities. Epidemiological studies indicate that the progression of cognitive decline is considerably influenced by various lifestyle factors, including diet [5,6,7,8,9]. A 3-year follow-up study found that higher levels of total urinary polyphenols, which are objective biomarkers of total dietary polyphenol intake, were indicative of a lower risk of cognitive decline [10]. Another cross-sectional study showed that consumption of flavonoid-rich foods, including chocolate, wine, and tea, was associated with better performance in cognitive tests in the Nutrients 2018, 10, 1337; doi:10.3390/nu10101337 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients
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