Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess the surface characterization and frictional resistance between stainless steel brackets and two types of orthodontic wires made of stainless steel and nickel-titanium alloys after immersion in a chlorhexidine-containing prophylactic agent.MethodsStainless steel orthodontic brackets with either stainless steel (SS) or heat-activated nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) wires were immersed in a 0.2% chlorhexidine and an artificial saliva environment for 1.5 h. The frictional force was measured on a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min over a 5-mm of archwire. The surface morphology of bracket slots and surface roughness of archwires after immersion in chlorhexidine were also characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the frictional resistance values between SS and Ni-Ti wires immersed in either chlorhexidine or artificial saliva. The frictional resistance values for the SS and Ni-Ti wires immersed in 0.2% chlorhexidine solution were not significantly different from that inartificial saliva. No significant difference in the average surface roughness for both wires before (as-received) and after immersion in either chlorhexidine or artificial saliva was observed.ConclusionsOne-and-half-hour immersion in 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse did not have significant influence on the archwires surface roughness or the frictional resistance between stainless steel orthodontic brackets and archwires made of SS and Ni-Ti. Based on these results, chlorhexidine-containing mouthrinses may be prescribed as non-destructive prophylactic agents on materials evaluated in the present study for orthodontic patients.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to assess the surface characterization and frictional resistance between stainless steel brackets and two types of orthodontic wires made of stainless steel and nickel-titanium alloys after immersion in a chlorhexidine-containing prophylactic agent
It was shown that static frictional resistance for the stainless steel, heat-activated nickel-titanium, and betatitanium alloy wires immersed in 0.2% APF solution was significantly higher than that of those immersed in an artificial saliva
The mean frictional resistance values for both Ni-Ti and stainless steel (SS) wires immersed in the chlorhexidine were higher than those recorded for wires immersed in artificial saliva, but these differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05)
Summary
The purpose of this study was to assess the surface characterization and frictional resistance between stainless steel brackets and two types of orthodontic wires made of stainless steel and nickel-titanium alloys after immersion in a chlorhexidine-containing prophylactic agent. Mouthwashes are clinically useful for reducing plaque accumulation during the active phase of orthodontic treatment [8] Their components may cause corrosion and discoloration of stainless steel and titanium alloys. It was shown that static frictional resistance for the stainless steel, heat-activated nickel-titanium, and betatitanium alloy wires immersed in 0.2% APF solution was significantly higher than that of those immersed in an artificial saliva. One possible explanation may be that high fluoride concentrations stay localized and attack the bracket-archwire interface This increases the frictional force between the bracket and archwire commensurate with the increase in surface roughness. The effectiveness of arch-guided tooth movement would decrease [11]
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