Abstract
Background We investigate the immunogenic properties of chitosan and liposome nanoparticles as adjuvant codelivery against a commercial pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in an animal model. Methods The chitosan and liposome nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation and dry methods, respectively. The PCV immunization was performed intradermally in the presence of adjuvants and booster injections which were given without an adjuvant. The Quil-A® was used as a control adjuvant. The ELISA was performed to measure the antibodies against pneumococcal type 14 polysaccharide (Pn14PS). Results The level of total antibodies against Pn14PS antigen was no different between the mouse groups with or without adjuvant codelivery. Codelivery of the PCV with chitosan nanoparticles as well as the Quil-A adjuvant elicited IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 antibodies. Meanwhile, codelivery of liposome nanoparticles elicited mainly IgG1 antibodies against the Pn14PS. Conclusions The chitosan and liposome nanoparticles as adjuvant codelivery were successfully synthesized. These nanoparticles have different shapes in particle formation, liposome nanoparticle with their unilamellar shape and chitosan nanoparticles in large shape due to the aggregation of small-size particles. Codelivery of chitosan nanoparticles has more effect on the IgG subclass antibody production than that of liposome nanoparticles in a mouse model.
Highlights
Nanoparticles are increasingly used as adjuvant vaccine formulations due to their biocompatibility, ease of manufacture, and the opportunity to tailor their size, shape, and physicochemical properties [1]
Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by the ionic gelation method with the interaction with the small anionic molecule tripolyphosphate (TPP)
Liposome nanoparticles that were synthesized by the method of Kirby and Gregoriads resulted in nanoparticle size of 31.4 nm
Summary
Nanoparticles are increasingly used as adjuvant vaccine formulations due to their biocompatibility, ease of manufacture, and the opportunity to tailor their size, shape, and physicochemical properties [1]. It was reported that a cationic liposome-forming lipid worked as potential adjuvants for protein subunit vaccines. This potential adjuvant appeared to favour a stronger Th1 immune response [9]. We investigate the immunogenic properties of chitosan and liposome nanoparticles as adjuvant codelivery against a commercial pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in an animal model. Codelivery of the PCV with chitosan nanoparticles as well as the Quil-A adjuvant elicited IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 antibodies. Codelivery of liposome nanoparticles elicited mainly IgG1 antibodies against the Pn14PS. Codelivery of chitosan nanoparticles has more effect on the IgG subclass antibody production than that of liposome nanoparticles in a mouse model
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