Abstract
Abstract Studies on the chemical modifications of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil hydrodistillation process (HD) by using 5% citric acid (CA-HD) and 5% trisodium citrate (TSC-HD) as a water phase were performed. Composition of essential oils obtained in conventional and modified conditions was analyzed by gas chromatography with mass selective detector method (GC-MS) and compared. Antioxidant activity of all essential oils was determined spectrophotometrically by using DPPH radical scavenging method. It was found that applied modifications of hydrodistillation process enhanced yields and antioxidant activity and the best results were obtained using 5% citric acid as a modifier. Effect of this modification on fungicidal activity of essential oils against 8 various fungi strains (Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, Phythophtora cactorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Phythophtora infestans, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Ascosphaera apis) was also determined and in most cases enhanced activity was observed.
Highlights
Rosmarinus officinalis is a flowering plant from the Lamiaceae family that grows widely in Mediterranean countries, southern Europe and some regions of Asia
Because it was reported that neutral compounds like NaCl were not effective modifiers of hydrodistillation process[24, 27, 30], in presented research, chemical modification of Rosmarinus officinalis hydrodistillation was performed by using compounds which change pH for acidic and weakly basic as additives to water phase, what was not found in the literature
The studies showed that replacing of water by 5% citric acid solution resulted in 21% enhancing of essential oil yield, from 2.73±0.06 to 3.30±0.10% (v/w)
Summary
Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) is a flowering plant from the Lamiaceae family that grows widely in Mediterranean countries, southern Europe and some regions of Asia. Because it was reported that neutral compounds like NaCl were not effective modifiers of hydrodistillation process[24, 27, 30], in presented research, chemical modification of Rosmarinus officinalis hydrodistillation was performed by using compounds which change pH for acidic (citric acid) and weakly basic (trisodium citrate) as additives to water phase, what was not found in the literature. The influence of these modifications on yields, composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils was examined. Fungicidal activity of rosemary essential oil obtained in the best selected conditions was compared to the reference essential oil obtained by conventional hydrodistillation
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