Abstract
This study investigated the chemical grafting of a single-layer poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) film. The effect of the grafting parameters (grafting time, grafting temperature, and concentration of fatty acid chloride) on the hydrophobicity of the film surface and the film solubility were evaluated. The PVOH substrate film (cold-water soluble at 20°C) was manufactured by flat extrusion and had a thickness of 50 μm (±5 μm). The chemical grafting was performed using the transfer method with palmitoyl chloride (C16). The solubility, surface energy, and water vapor transmission rate of the grafted films were measured. The process parameters which produced the most hydrophobic PVOH film were found to be a fatty acid concentration of 3%, a grafting time of 14 min, and a grafting temperature of 130°C. These studies involved systematic adjustment of the hydrophobicity of one side of PVOH films. The results open up opportunities for packing fluids in water soluble packaging.
Highlights
Water-soluble packaging is used for a wide range of products, including detergents and laundry bags in hospitals (Pardos, 2004; Elsner and Domininghaus, 2008)
The substrate material used for the packaging film was plasticized poly(vinyl alcohol) (Solovyov and Goldman, 2008) which was cold water soluble, biodegradable, and compostable (Nayak, 1999)
The studies were performed on a single layer poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) film (50 μm; ±5 μm) manufactured using a flat extrusion process and subjected to chemical grafting
Summary
Water-soluble packaging is used for a wide range of products, including detergents and laundry bags in hospitals (Pardos, 2004; Elsner and Domininghaus, 2008). This type of packaging enables the secure handling of a product, greatly reducing health hazards by avoiding contact with harmful products (Farmer, 2013). The present study aimed to develop a water-soluble single-layer film for packing fluids having water contents greater than 5% (w/w) which fully dissolve when contacted with water (Pardos, 2004; Morris, 2017). The substrate material used for the packaging film was plasticized poly(vinyl alcohol) (Solovyov and Goldman, 2008) which was cold water soluble, biodegradable, and compostable (Nayak, 1999)
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