Abstract
In the present work, we have partially modified fibrils chemically to create a shell of derivatized cellulose that surrounds the crystalline core of native cellulose. Through the different modifications, we aimed at creating a toolbox to enable the properties of CNF materials and materials containing CNFs to be tuned to meet specific material demands. In total, nine different chemical modifications using different aqueous-based procedures were used as chemical pretreatments before CNF production through homogenization. Eight of these modifications included periodate oxidation with an average of 27% of the anhydroglucose units in the cellulose chain being cleaved into dialdehydes. The presence of aldehydes then facilitated a conversion to other functional groups. TEMPO oxidation was also performed, alone or combined with either periodate oxidation or periodate oxidation followed by borohydride reduction or chlorite oxidation. The nine different CNFs produced after chemical modifications were characterized ...
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