Abstract
In this paper, ferroelectric–ferrimagnetic ceramic composites based on multicomponent PZT-type (PbZr1−xTixO3-type) material and ferrite material with different percentages in composite compositions were obtained and studied. The ferroelectric component of the composite was a perovskite ceramic material with the chemical formula Pb0.97Bi0.02(Zr0.51Ti0.49)0.98(Nb2/3Mn1/3)0.02O3 (P), whereas the magnetic component was nickel-zinc ferrite with the chemical formula Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 (F). The process of sintering the composite compounds was carried out by the free sintering method. Six ferroelectric-ferrimagnetic ceramic P-F composite compounds were designed and obtained with different percentages of its components, i.e., 90/10 (P90-F10), 85/15 (P85-F15), 80/20 (P80-F20), 60/40 (P60-F40), 40/60 (P40-F60), and 20/80 (P20-F80). X-ray diffraction patterns, microstructural, ferroelectric, dielectric, magnetic properties, and DC electrical conductivity of the composite materials were investigated. In this study, two techniques were used to image the microstructure of P-F composite samples: SB (detection of the signals from the secondary and backscattered electron detectors) and BSE (detection of backscattered electrons), which allowed accurate visualization of the presence and distribution of the magnetic and ferroelectric component in the volume of the composite samples. The studies have shown that at room temperature, the ceramic composite samples exhibit good magnetic and electrical properties. The best set of physical properties and performance of composite compositions have ceramic samples with a dominant phase of ferroelectric component and a small amount of the ferrite component (P90-F10). Such a composition retains the high ferroelectric properties of the ferroelectric component in the composite while also acquiring magnetic properties. These properties can be prospectively used in new types of memory and electromagnetic converters.
Highlights
In modern microelectronics, the most versatile application uses are materials with functional properties [1,2]
Multiferroic ceramic composites are designed with the goal of achieving the appropriate physical properties in a single material, which are represented by individual composite components
The degree of phase transition blurring in ferroelectric ceramic materials is affected by a number of factors depending on the technological process of their preparation
Summary
In modern microelectronics, the most versatile application uses are materials with functional properties [1,2] These include piezoelectric, multiferroic materials, and ceramic composites with ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties [3,4,5,6,7,8]. PZT-type solid solutions are characterized by a broad isomorphism, which allows multiple doping and modification of the basic PZT composition [15,16] This is one of the most effective ways of being able to efficiently improve the functional physical properties of ceramic materials with perovskite structure [17,18]. Six compositions of ferroelectric-ferrimagnetic ceramic composites containing two main phases were obtained, i.e., ferroelectric phase (multicomponent PZT-type material) and magnetic phase (nickel-zinc ferrite). We present the way in which the individual components of the composite material affect their microstructure as well as the magnetic and electrical properties
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