Abstract
This article discusses the problem of iodine deficiency and proposes a solution to this problem by enriching milk with iodine due to the use of organic compounds of microelements in diets of cows. The article presents the results of comparative study of inorganic and organic micromineral additives’ influence on the content of iodine in milk and activity of thyroid hormones in the blood of cows. It has been established that the replacement of inorganic iodine (KI) with organic compound (OMEK-J, chemically iodized baker’s yeast) increases iodine content in milk in 3-5 times. Similar effect has been observed for combination of inorganic and organic sources of iodine in 5:1 ratio with organic compounds of trace elements - metals (OMEK-Met, where Met-Fe, Co, Mn, Zn, Cu) being chelates with L-aspartic acid. Analysis of hormonal screening of the experimental cows’ blood showed the positive correlation between the content of thyroid hormones - triiodothyronine and thyroxine - in the blood and the content of iodine in the milk.
Highlights
Iodine is an essential element in the nutrition of mammals required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones – thyroxin T4 and its active form triiodothyronine T3
During the scientific and economic experiment at the chemical laboratory of JSC "Bioamid", iodine content in milk samples of animals in the reference and test groups was determined at the beginning, at the first decade and at the end of the accounting period (Table 2)
The results obtained for the control group showed that adding only 20.0 g/t of iodine in the form of OMEK-J was not sufficient for obtaining milk with iodine content of more than 25.0 μg/l
Summary
Iodine is an essential element in the nutrition of mammals required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones – thyroxin T4 and its active form triiodothyronine T3. To combat the iodine deficiency, it is recommended to use iodized salt, iodized vegetable oil, bread, products of animal and fish farms (Antonova, 2004; Fisinin, 2010; Korobov et al, 2016; Poddubnaya et al, 2016; Zamarin, 1965; Zimens et al, 2017). Considerable efforts of the international community have resulted in significant progress in combating iodine deficiency: the community managed to eliminate the risk of deviations in brain development in millions of infants and to significantly reduce the consequences of iodine deficiency in Europe, Asia, Africa and America. In industrialized countries experiencing natural iodine deficiency (the USA, Canada, Switzerland, the UK, Scandinavian countries, Australia), implementation of iodine prophylactic programs resulted in elimination of iodine-deficiency diseases (Fisinin, 2010)
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