Abstract
Presently, heavy metal pollution in natural water resources is considered very hazardous. The purpose of this research is to develop the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins from water hyacinth and the effect of chelating agents on the removal of heavy metal cations from single-metal aqueous solutions has been investigated. Cellulose was prepared from the stem of water hyacinth by alkaline treatment process then cellulose-based ion exchange resins were prepared via esterification reaction between cellulose with two different chelating agents such as pyromellitic dianhydride and 3,3’,4,4’- benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride. The chemical structure, crystallinity index, surface morphology, and thermal stability of resins were characterized and analyzed with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA, respectively. The results confirmed the esterification reaction between anhydride groups of chelating agents with hydroxyl groups of celluloses due to the apparent peak of the ester group. Heavy metal cations adsorptions were studied in optimum conditions and the residual concentration of heavy metal cations was measured by ICP. These resins showed high adsorption capacities of more than 98 mg/g for Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+. Moreover, the adsorption process was controlled by the ion exchange mechanism. Therefore, the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins could be suitable for the removal of pollutants from wastewater.
Highlights
Heavy metal has been continuously polluted the natural water resources from various sources: agriculture and the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization
pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPTCD) were used as chelating agent to react with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose from water hyacinth at 70 ๐ C for 20 hr in DMF
The desorption and reusability of cellulose-based ion exchange resins from water hyacinth would be further studied. These novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins from water hyacinth were successfully prepared via esterification with either PMDA or BPTCD
Summary
Heavy metal has been continuously polluted the natural water resources from various sources: agriculture and the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. To make the pictures clear; for example, here are those industries that may have caused the pollution: electroplating, steel production, metal foundry, battery and leather manufacturing, and nuclear power operation. These issues have become so critical due to the impact on the ecosystem, environment, living wellbeings, living organisms, and health hazards. Chelation ion exchange is one of the superior physicochemical methods for heavy metal ion disposal in comparison with other methods because it has several advantages of high removal efficiency, low costs, no chemical sludge and easy accessibility. Chelation ion exchange means that chelating polymers and heavy metal ions are bonding with coordination bonds
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