Effect of changes in some beneficial elements and dangerous heavy metals in cow and sheep manure on human and animal health and the environment

Abstract

Cow and sheep manure contains beneficial nutrients nitrogen (N) carbohydrates (CHO) and Organic matter (OM), and is therefore used as an organic fertilizer. However, the excessive use of manure can cause environmental problems and negatively affect human and animal health because these materials also contain large amounts of heavy metals, especially selenium (Se), nickel(Ni), cobalt(Co), tin(Sn), lead(Pb), and cadmium(Cd) To assess the potential risks due to increased concentrations of heavy metals in sheep and cow manure.The compost was collected from three different regions in Kirkuk, Diyala and Sulaymaniyah governorates in Iraq and Kurdistan Region where the results showed The content of cow and sheep manure of organic matter (OM), carbohydrates (CHO) and nitrogen (N) levels were normal, which are beneficial nutrients for soil and plants and used as organic fertilizer. The level of selenium, nickel and cobalt was higher in cow manure compared to sheep manure in all governorates. The level of lead and cadmiumwas higher in sheep manure in Diyala governorates compared to cow manure.