Abstract
Knowing the deformation properties of cemented sand and gravel (CSG) material can help construct reasonable constitutive models for the material, which can be used to simulate the structural performance of various practical projects including CSG dams. In this study, to investigate the effect of cement content on the deformation properties of CSG material, we employ triaxial compressive tests for cement contents of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 kg/m3 with a confining pressure range of 0.3–1.2 MPa, and theoretically analyze the results by the regression analysis prediction method. Here, we show that both cement content and confining pressure influence the deformation properties of CSG material: for an increase in cement content, the failure strain decreases and brittleness of CSG material increases; the initial modulus of the CSG material increased exponentially with increasing cement content or confining pressure; the peak volumetric strain and its corresponding axial strain increase linearly with increasing confining pressures, which decrease with increasing cement content; the initial tangent volumetric ratio can also be determined by the peak volumetric strain and its corresponding axial strain.
Highlights
The cemented sand and gravel (CSG) dam, which is a type of cemented material dam, combines the merits of the concrete face rock-fill dam and roller compacted concrete dam, and provides the advantages of safety, economy, and eco-friendliness
For other cemented granular materials, some scholars have studied mechanical properties [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]: Younes et al considered the effect of cement content by conducting a triaxial test, and the results showed that the failure strength and its corresponding strain value were less than the corresponding results of the undrained tests; Liu et al performed triaxial tests to study the mechanical properties of polyurethane foam adhesive reinforced rockfill materials; Wu et al
When the cement content is low, the shear shrinkage and dilatancy of the CSG material are similar to those of the rockfill material; when the cement content is high, the dilatancy is more obvious, and the initial slopes of the volumetric strain–axial strain curves are less affected by the confining pressure
Summary
The cemented sand and gravel (CSG) dam, which is a type of cemented material dam, combines the merits of the concrete face rock-fill dam and roller compacted concrete dam, and provides the advantages of safety, economy, and eco-friendliness. The number of CSG dam projects has increased. CSG dams are typically used in temporary projects, but they are becoming more popular in permanent constructions as well [1]. Studies on the mechanical properties of CSG materials considering factors such as cement content, sand content, water-cement ratio, aggregate gradation, and curing age are mainly carried out using unconfined compression tests, flexural strength tests, and measurements of elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio [2,3,4].
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