Abstract
Citrus mandarin Batu 55 (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) is one of Indonesian fruits commodities that have high economic value and consumers demand. The propagation of citrus mandarin by plant tissue culture generally was carried out on solid medium. The liquid culture system could increase cell multiplication therefore it became alternative method of plant propagation through somatic embryogenesis. The effect of initial cell density and Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) concentration in liquid media were investigated. The initial cells density and right concentration of BAP given in media can increase cell proliferation of somatic embryo in liquid culture. Globular somatic embryo were cultured on Murashige and Tucker media with initial cell density 4, 6, 8 and 10 mgL-1 and BAP 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mgL-1. Growth evaluation of somatic embryo were obtained by weighing fresh and dry weight every 2 weeks for 8 weeks for initial cell density treatment and 6 weeks of BAP treatment. The result of the research showed that cell density affect the growth of somatic embryo of citrus mandarin. Somatic embryo with low cell density showed slower growth compared than high cell density. Peak growth occured in 6th cultured with cell density 10 mgL-1. In addition to cell density, the growth of somatic embryo in liquid culture was affected by BAP. The growth of somatic embryo on the media containing BAP showed better results than without BAP. The highest BAP concentration on media showed fresh and dry weight of somatic embryo increased. In this research, growth of somatic embryo is not optimal yet because fresh and dry weights of somatic embryo still increase with high concentration 0.75 mgL-1 of BAP.Keywords: Benzyl Amino Purine, cell density, citrus mandarin, liquid medium, somatic embryo.
Highlights
Citrus mandarin (Citrus reticulata B.) is one of Indonesian fruit commodities that has high economic value and consumers demand [1]
Propagation of citrus mandarin has been developed by plant tissue technology through somatic embryogenesis
Treatment of cell density and Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) concentration Globuler stage of somatic embryo were subcultured on liquid media MT + 30 gL-1 sucrose with treated cell density of 4, 6, 8, and 10 mgL-1
Summary
Citrus mandarin (Citrus reticulata B.) is one of Indonesian fruit commodities that has high economic value and consumers demand [1]. Propagation of citrus mandarin has been developed by plant tissue technology through somatic embryogenesis. This technique using solid medium which has several disadvantage that are the low absorption of nutrients and accumulated toxic compounds [3]. Cell density during early inoculation effects the growth of somatic embryo in liquid culture [8]. Low cell density causes low proliferation, but high cell density inhibit cell growth because of accelerate accumulation of toxic compound in liquid culture, resulted of an imbalance between medium and cell density in the medium [8]. Study the effect of initial cell density and BAP on the growth of somatic embryo in liquid culture
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