Abstract
BackgroundCerium-containing materials have wide applications in the biomedical field, because of the mimetic catalytic activities of cerium. The study aims to deeply estimate the biocompatibility of different scaffolds based on Ce-doped nanobioactive glass, collagen, and chitosan using the first passage of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) directed to osteogenic lineage by direct and indirect approach. One percentage of glass filler was used (30 wt. %) in the scaffold, while the percentage of CeO2 in the glass was ranged from 0 to 10 mol. %. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by monitoring of cell morphological changes and reduction in cell proliferation activity of BMMSCs maintained under osteogenic condition using proliferation assays, MTT assay for the direct contact of cells/scaffolds twice in a week, trypan blue and hemocytometer cell counting for indirect contact of cells/scaffolds extracts at day 7. Cell behaviors growth, morphology characteristics were monitored daily under a microscope and cell counting were conducted after 1 week of the incubation of the cells with the extracts of the four composite scaffolds in the osteogenic medium at the end of the week. ResultsShowed that at 24 h after direct contact with composite scaffold, all scaffolds showed proliferation of cells > 50% and increased in cell density on day 7. The scaffold of the highest percentage of CeO2 in bioactive glass nanoparticles (sample CL/CH/C10) showed the lowest inhibition of cell proliferation (< 25%) at day 7. Moreover, the indirect cell viability test showed that all extracts from the four composite scaffolds did not demonstrate a toxic effect on the cells (inhibition value < 25%). ConclusionThe addition of CeO2 to the glass composition improved the biocompatibility of the composite scaffold for the proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells directed to osteogenic lineage.
Highlights
Cerium-containing materials have wide applications in the biomedical field, because of the mimetic catalytic activities of cerium
This work aims to fabricate suitable biocompatible composite scaffolds based on collagen and chitosan polymer blend used as a polymer matrix for nanobioactive glass doped with different ratios of CeO2 next to study the morphological and microstructural characterization of those scaffolds to know whether they will facilitate the proliferation of BMMSCs directed to osteogenic lineage to be used for basic research studies and future tissue engineering purposes
The cytotoxicity of the various composite scaffolds based on collagen and chitosan as natural polymer and nanobioactive glass doped with different ratios of CeO2 as a bioactive material was evaluated by using rabbit bone marrow mesenchy‐ mal stem cells (BM-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)) directed to osteogenic lineage
Summary
Cerium-containing materials have wide applications in the biomedical field, because of the mimetic catalytic activities of cerium. The intensity of research on hybrid or composite scaffolds is rapidly increasing, especially in the field of tissue engineering. These composite materials have been developed to combine different material properties to overcome some drawbacks related to some materials and obstacles to their use in important applications. Natural polymers attracted the attention of researchers toward the development of suitable biocompatible composite scaffolds for use in bone tissue regeneration. This is due to natural polymers being more available, superabundant, and similar to the extracellular matrix components. By incorporating different biomaterial’s, the properties such as porosity, structural stability, osteoinductivity, and osteogenicity of collagen matrixes can be largely improved [9]
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