Abstract
Wound healing entails a sequence of complex biological processes, which is a protective function of the body that focuses on a quick recovery. Reducing wound healing time is crucial in a wound as it lowers the chance of infection and decreases complications and costs. Papaya extract was obtained by a maceration method. It contains papain enzyme, flavonoid, saponin, and alkaloid, which act as an anti-inflammatory, astringent substance, vasodilator, antioxidant, analgesic, with antifungal, and antibacterial properties, and increase the collagen synthesis. This study aimed to assess the effect of Carica papaya extract application toward incised wound healing process in mice (Mus musculus) clinically and histologically. This experimental laboratory study was performed using 24 mice weighing between 30 and 40 grams and 12 and 14 weeks of age as experimental animals. Each group was incised along 5 mm at the labial gingiva under both of mandible anterior teeth with a depth reaching alveolar bone. Papaya extract was applied topically in the morning and evening for 14 days. The clinical result was obtained by assessing the length of wound closure measured every day for 14 days. Based on the statistic test result, it showed that the papaya extract has a significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) toward the healing process of an incised oral wound in mice. Histologically at day 14, 75% concentration papaya extract showed perfect epithelial layer and fibrillation.
Highlights
Wound healing entails a sequence of complex biological processes, which is a protective function of the body that focuses on a quick recovery
The results of the application of papaya extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%, as well as distilled water, showed healing that was marked by a reduction in wound length
The results of this study indicated that the wound length generally began to decrease on the fourth day; even though in the treatment group III (P3) papaya extract was applied with a 75% concentration, there was a reduction in the wound length on the third day
Summary
Wound healing entails a sequence of complex biological processes, which is a protective function of the body that focuses on a quick recovery. Reducing the wound healing time is crucial in a wound as it lowers the chance of infection and decreases complications and costs [1]. Wounds are physical injuries that result in the opening or rupture of tissue, which can cause anatomical and functional disorders. Wounds result in the loss of continuity of the epithelium with or without the loss of underlying connective tissue. Wound healing is a dynamic, complex process that leads to the reestablishment of tissue integrity and homeostasis. It involves inflammation, reepithelization, granulated tissue formation, neovascularization, wound contraction, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix [2]
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