Abstract
Quality and energy efficiency are two critical concerns associated with the production of biomass pellets. This study elaborates methods to improve the quality of biomass pellets by using a new additive solution (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)) and its influence on pellet physical and mechanical properties during the densification of three types of agricultural waste (cotton stalks, wheat straw, and rape straw). Simultaneously, the cohesion and binding mechanisms were analyzed with attenuated total reflectance infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) and light microscopy (LM). The results show that adding CMC lowers the energy consumption and increases the pellet quality by improving relaxed density, compressive strength, and durability for cotton stalks and wheat straw. However, adding CMC to rape straw decreased the pellet quality. Our results showed that addition of CMC leads to electrostatic forces among the particles that might be responsible for the cohesion strength of biomass pellets, which may be attributed to...
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