Abstract
This work was designed to provide high protective, long-lasting immunity against FMD by enhancing the immunogenicity of the trivalent FMD vaccine using carbomer as adjuvant using G. pigs as an alternative cheapest animal model for quality control testing of the prepared FMD vaccines formulae. Guinea pigs were chosen as experimental models to develop concepts and techniques to study the PD50 of FMD vaccines because of the similarities of clinical symptoms in these animals to those of swine and cattle to saving cost, three different formulae of inactivated trivalent FMD vaccine including serotypes O Pan Asia2, A Iran O5 and SAT2/EGY/2012 were prepared as formula 1- (50% carbomer to 50% antigen); formula 2 (50% Montanide ISA 206 to 50%antigen) and formula 3- (25% Montanide ISA 206 and 25% carbomer with 50 % antigen). All of such formulae were found to be free from foreign contaminants, safe and potent, showing no postvaccinal reactions and high protective levels of specific FMD antibodies in Guinea pigs. Each vaccine formula's immunogenicity was determined by estimation of 50% Guinea pig protective dose (GPPD50) and monitoring of the humeral antibody response of vaccinated G. Pig groups. It was found that Montanide oils 206 with carbomer is the best vaccine formula, followed by Montanide oils 206 and finally carbomer which give early short-lasting immunity.
Highlights
Of swine and cattle to saving cost, three different formulae of inactivated trivalent Foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccine including serotypes O Pan Asia2, A Iran O5 and
Such formulae were found to be free from foreign contaminants, safe and potent, showing no postvaccinal reactions and high protective levels of specific FMD antibodies in Guinea pigs
Control of FMD using vaccination depending on the factors influencing the vaccine potency and the induction of a protective antibody response is the Guinea pigs were chosen as experimental models to develop concepts and techniques to study the PD50 of FMD vaccines because of the similarities of clinical symptoms in these animals to swine and cattle to save cost (Richard et al, 1979 and Eman, 2012)
Summary
Integrity of the structural protein and the intact virion using 146S (Doel, 2003). Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most highly contagious diseases of cloven-hoofed animals worldwide (Grubman and Baxt, 2004). Guinea pigs are susceptible animals to FMD and can be protected by aqueous FMD vaccines. The methods of demonstrating the potency of such vaccines using Guinea pigs have been described as having a good correlation with cattle protection (Black et al, 1985). Foot and mouth disease vaccine adjuvanted with Montanide ISA oil was found to be valid for more than two years when the 50% guinea pig protective dose (GPPD50) was calculated (Samira et al, 1999). This work was designed to provide high protective, long-lasting immunity against FMD through the enhancement of the immunogenicity of the trivalent FMD vaccine using carbomer as adjuvant using G. pigs as an alternative cheapest animal model for quality control testing of the prepared FMD vaccines formulae
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