Abstract
The use of cannabidiol (CBD) for animal species is an area of growing interest, for example for its anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties, even though all of its biological effects are still not fully understood, especially in veterinary medicine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties of CBD for the first time directly in canine inflammatory response. We used an ex vivo model of LPS-stimulated whole dog blood. We stimulated the whole blood from healthy dogs with LPS 100 ng/mL for 24 h in the presence or not of CBD 50 and 100 μg/mL. We observed a reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α production from the group treated with CBD, but non-altered IL-10 levels. Moreover, we also observed from the CBD-treated group a reduction in Nf-κB and COX-2 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time the anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulating properties of CBD directly in dogs’ immune cells, using a canine ex vivo inflammatory model. The results obtained from these studies encourage further studies to better understand the possible therapeutic role of CBD in veterinary medicine.
Highlights
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the major non-psychoactive plant (Cannabis sp.)-derived cannabinoids that has structural similarity to the primary psychotropic congener in cannabis, D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
The ELISA test performed in the whole blood supernatant for IL-6 and TNF-α showed a significant increase in the secretion of these proculture supernatant for IL-6 and TNF-α showed a significant increase in the secretion of inflammatory cytokines compared with the LPS-stimulated group, serving as our positive these pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with the LPS-stimulated group, serving as our control group
Our results show that whole dog blood stimulated with LPS and treated with CBD 50 and 100 μg/mL had a significant lower level of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to LPS
Summary
Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the major non-psychoactive plant (Cannabis sp.)-derived cannabinoids that has structural similarity to the primary psychotropic congener in cannabis, D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The use of cannabis for animal species is an area of growing interest, even if to date there are few studies that have characterized the biological effect of CBD in different animal species [1]. There are only a few studies on the therapeutic use of CBD in dogs, the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of CBD has been characterized [3,4]. The immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities of CBD have been characterized much more often in human medicine than in veterinary medicine [6,7,8]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CBD directly in canine inflammatory response, and to achieve this aim, we used an ex vivo model where whole
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