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Abstract
In this study, the network structure of bentonite was characterized systematically in deionized water and salt water containing calcium ions. It was found that the stability of bentonite network structure firstly increased and then gradually decreased, as the concentration of calcium ions increased from 0 to 1.0 mol/L. Cryo-SEM observed that bentonite platelets formed in three-dimensional E-F mode in deionized water, which were developed into E-E association and then much denser and more compact aggregates, with increasing the concentration of calcium ions. Meanwhile, the size of the bentonite network structure increased firstly and then slightly decreased. Based on these characterizations, the evolution modes of bentonite network structure with increasing the concentration of Ca2+ was proposed, which could be selected and used as a guideline to control clay minerals in flotation.
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