Abstract
Abstract : According to the data of recent biochemical investigations, three different adenosinetriphosphatases can be distinguished in the skeletal musculature: (1) myofibrillary, or actomyosinic, activated by the cations magnesium and calcium; (2) sarcoplasmic, which is activated by the cation magnesium and inhibited by the cation calcium; (3) mitochondrial, activated by the cation magnesium and not activated by the cation calcium. Calcium and magnesium ions can however act not only on the rate of utilization of energy- rich (macroergic) compounds, but also on the rate of their formation. Thus, calcium ions inducing swelling of mitochondria disengage respiration from the coupled phosphorylation, while magnesium ions counteract this disengaging effect of calcium ions. In addition, products of adenosinetriphosphoric acid breakdown, intensified due to stimulation of adenosinetriphosphatase by magnesium ions is a source of de novo formation of macroergs. The effect of toxic doses of calcium and magnesium salts on the rate of rigor mortis after decapitation of animals was investigated. This rate can serve as an index of the negative balance between the intensity of synthesis and the use of macroergic compounds.
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